Poor lubrication. Excessive rpm's. Defective piston. Problem with the wrist pin, bushing or piston rod.
The piston rings create a seal between the piston and the cylinder wall.
A piston seal is a gasket designed to keep fluid from leaking around the piston. Piston seals are commonly used in brake calipers.
It is a spring metal sleeve that goes over a piston to compress the rings so that the piston can be install in the motor. It tightens down on the piston, forcing the rings into the grooves in the piston then you tap it into the cylinder.
Some causes will:A leaky lifter will pressure up and quit, and can sound like a rod knock when the clearance is bad enoughA collapsed piston skirt will quiet down when the engine warms upA rod can knock under load or start up and quite down when oil pressure is applied. Its only going to get worse though.
With a piston ring compressor.
PVC stuck open.Bad rings calapsed,Busted piston skirt.
Piston crown is the top, skirt is the side below the ring lands (ring grooves). The as you say, the skirt often has cut aways to clear the counterwieghts on the crankshaft.
That is not a knock, that's a piston skirt slapping against the cyslinder wall. It is either #2 or #4 piston, and if you remove the piston you will find that all the moly coat has been rubbed off the skirt. A new piston is what you need.
you want to collapse it flush with the caliper, dont pust it in to where the piston sinks, just flush will do ya'
There is the penis, the testicles, the scrotum, the prostate, the sperm duct etc.
Gm used a short piston skirt on this year. The knock is piston slap that normally goes away when engine warms up. Sounds bad, but should not cause any problems.
most auto mechanic preferred .002 clearance from piston skirt to sleeve
A larger piston skirt to cylinder wall contact raises piston cooling. With turbo motors, they have piston oilers, they spray oil on the underside of the pistons, cooling the piston /crown.
most likely a bent connecting rod.
low oil and a loose piston skirt
Gravity.
Gravity.