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first of all the voltage doesn't change what changes is the current direction

the way they do it is by using magnet .

electrons tend to escape from the magnetic field . you can find on you tube how a motor works for better idea.

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12y ago
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10y ago

When a conductor passes through, or 'cuts', a magnetic field, a voltage is induced into that wire. The magnitude of that voltage is proportional to the sine of the angle at which that conductor cuts the magnetic flux. Maximum voltage occurs when the conductor cuts the flux at right angles (sine 90 degrees = 1) and no voltage is induced when the conductor runs parallel with the flux (sine 0 degrees - 0). The direction in which the induced voltage acts depends on the direction in which the conductor cuts the flux; reverse the direction, and the direction of the induced voltage will also reverse.

So, if a conductor is made to rotate within a magnetic field, the voltage generated will vary from 0 V to a maximum voltage in one direction, back to zero, and back to a maximum voltage again, but in the opposite direction.

If you were to view the shape of this generated voltage waveform on an oscilloscope, you will see that it forms a sinusoidal waveform.

The only difference between this simple explanation, and what goes on in a 'real' generator, is that a coil is used instead of a single conductor, in order to produce a larger sinusoidal voltage.

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Q: What changes the flow of electrons in an alternating current?
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