Depending on the country being asked about there may be a wide variance in what they are referrred to by name.
In the US, There are Courts of Original Jurisdiction - Appelate Courts - and a Supreme Court. The individual states and federal system are established along this basic form.
This answer will be slightly long, presented in two parts, and not be applicable in all states (Some states call their courts by different names). Also, this is presented under the best light - meaning that although the procedures outlined below are supposed to be followed it is normal for the state (and judges) to refuse to follow the proper procedures and laws involved. Yes, this means they have violated procedure, which would normally give rise to an appeal, but these same courts are the ones that have to adjudge their own actions (IE: your not likely to win).
Types of Courts - and basic rank of courts from lowest to highest:
State Courts: (Generally)
Federal Courts: Please note that Federal Courts may have shared jurisdiction in some cases, for instance some "Federal Drug Charges" can be tried in either a State or Federal Court (but not both).
Basic Court Procedures: The procedures used in almost any court are the same (state or federal), the person or entity filing the original complaint must ensure that the proper court is selected for the filing (normally called jurisdiction).
Civil Cases:
Criminal Cases:
Appeal Process:
The appeal process in any court system is basically the same (civil and criminal). The appeals court will look into any error in the lower court, it will not allow a new trial even for new evidence unless it can be shown that extenuating circumstances exist. If an error is found the court will issue an order directing the lower court to amend the error; and in some cases order a new trial if the error is so great that it cannot be easily corrected. State questions are limited to state courts, while federal questions must go through state courts (to allow them to correct themselves to comply with Federal Laws and rulings), unless the federal question is presented in a federal court.
Trial courts and appellate courts. Many jurisdictions divide trial courts by subject matter or gravity.
In civil court the court has the discretion to aaward both remunerative (the courts determination of the value of actual damages) and punitive (the courts determination of the value of penalty that the defendant will suffer for damages that cannot be accurately quantified).
Supreme courtregional trial courtmetropolitan trial courtmunicipal trial courtintermediate appelate court (formerly court of appeals)ombudsman (tanod bayan)sandiganbayan
Torts are usually dealt with by Queens Bench Division court which can be subdivided into several sub-types some of which deal with torts more often than others. The court subtype which deals with tort most often is Mercantile court.
The Clerk of Dougherty, GA Superior Court is Evonne Mull. Her contact information is: Address: 225 Pine Avenue, Albany GA 31702 Phone: 229-431-2198 Fax: 229-431-2850 I found this information from Court Reference - it's a great website for finding these types of resources for local trial courts.
State courts may hear criminal cases, misdemeanors or civil cases such as landlord tenant issues that arise under state law.ADDED: The short, simple answer to the question is - state courts hears all matters having to do with violations of THEIR STATE'S constitution or laws as passed by their state's legislature. State courts do not hear Federal law cases nor do they hear cases having to do with the laws of other states.
Three types of tennis courts are hard courts, clay courts, and grass courts.
The three levels of courts in the federal justice system are the district courts, the court of appeals, and the supreme court.
U.S. District Courts U.S. Court of Appeals U.S. Supreme Court State Supreme Court Appellate Courts Trial Courts Lower Courts
1 supreme court and 28 high courts
CHINA HAS THREE COURTS, 1.supreme people"s court 2.high people's courts 3.special court/professional courts like military court,railway court,forest court and maritime courts
the circuit court, the appellate court, and SUPREME COURT.
There are three types of courts in the state of Illinois. The Supreme Court of the state has seven justices. The Appellate Court has 54 judges and the District Courts have 23 judicial circuits.
The Supreme Court
There are 4 types of courts-: # Supreme Court - Highest court in India # High Courts- Below Supreme Courts # Subordinate Courts include district courts and other courts # Lok Adalats - It solves cases at much faster pace than any other court. It is below districts courts.
Criminal Court and Civil Court
District, Supreme and appellate courts
If you include courts in every country in the world, there must be hundreds of different types of courts, including criminal court, juvenile court, housing court, family court, appeals court, courts of equity, etc.