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Net National Income
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∙ 13y ago
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What is the difference between gnp and nni?
Gross National Income is the total income earned by citizens of a nation wherever they are, Net National Income is a measure of the income earned by households, whether they receive it or not. NNI = GNP - depreciation - indirect taxes
2 What are ATM interfaces and discuss their types?
ATM is a dedicated connection switching technology that organizes the digital data into 53-byte cell units and transmits them over a physical medium using digital signal technology. Some of the ATM interfaces described below. ATM Interfaces: An ATM network consists of a set of ATM switches interconnected by point-to-point ATM links or interfaces. ATM switches support two primary types of interfaces: UNI and NNI. UNI (User Network Interface) It connects ATM end systems (such as hosts and routers) or user equipment and ATM equipment for example a workstation and the ATM switch. Depending on whether the switch is owned and located at the customer’s premises or is publicly owned and operated by the telephone company, UNI can be further subdivided into public and private UNI. Public UNI: A public UNI connects an ATM endpoint or private switch to a public switch. Private UNI: A private UNI connects an ATM endpoint and a private ATM switch. NNI (Network to Node Interface) This Interface is a connection between ATM devices. Private NNI (P-NNI): A private NNI connects two ATM switches within the same private organization. Public NNI or Inter Switching System Interface (ISSI): A public NNI connects two ATM switches within the same public organization. ICI (Inter-Carrier Interface) The interface between different ATM carriers. Broadband Inter-Carrier Interface (B-ICI) DXI (Data Exchange Interface) It is the interface from ATM into legacy equipment such as routers into ATM using HDLC. Between routers and ATM Digital Service Units (DSU)
Describe the architecture of an ATM network?
ATM Architecture As in the case of many large systems, there are a range of components and connections involved in the ATM networks. Figure 2 shows an example network architecture. All connections in the ATM network are point-to-point, with traffic being switched through the network by the switching nodes. Two types of networks are included in the ATM architecture, Public Networks and Private Networks. Private Networks, often referred to as Customer Premises Networks, are typically concerned with end-user connections, or bridging services to other types of networks including circuit switched services, frame relay, and voice subsystems. The interface between the components in the Private Networks is referred to as the Private User Network Interface (UNI). ATM also extends into the wider area Public Networks. Interfaces between the Public and Private network switches conform to the Public UNI. Interfaces between the switches within the Public network are the Network Node Interface (NNI). Specifications for both the Public and Private UNI can be found in the ATM Forum's publication "ATM User-Network Interface (UNI) Specification." The private networks often permit the use of lower speed short haul interconnects that are useful in LAN environments, but not of great use in wider area public networks. Three types of NNI have been developed, NNI-ISSI that connects switches in the same Local Area Transport Area (LATA), the NNI-ICI, that connects ATM networks of different carriers (InterCarrier), and finally, a Private NNI that permits the connection of different switches in a private network. ( www.cellsoft.de/telecom/atmconcepts.htm)
What is a homophone for stand?
stand
What are the song lyrics to Stand By Me?
When the night has come And the land is dark And the moon is the only light we see No I won't be afraid No I won't be afraid Just as long as you stand, stand by me And darling, darling stand by me Oh, now, now, stand by me Stand by me, stand by me If the sky that we look upon Should tumble and fall And the mountain should crumble to the sea I won't cry, I won't cry No I won't shed a tear Just as long as you stand, stand by me And darling, darling stand by me Oh, stand by me Stand by me, stand by me, stand by me Whenever you're in trouble won't you stand by me Oh, now, now, stand by me Oh, stand by me, stand by me, stand by me Darling, darling stand by me Stand by me Oh stand by me, stand by me, stand by me
When was Stand Strong Stand Proud created?
Stand Strong Stand Proud was created in 1982.
What are the release dates for Stand-Up Stand-Up - 1992 Stand-Up Stand-Up 3-12?
Stand-Up Stand-Up - 1992 Stand-Up Stand-Up 3-12 was released on: USA: 7 August 1995
When you sit I stand when i sit you stand who am I?
sit stand
What are words of retort?
Retort stand Tripod stand The answer is stand
What is 'Stand-To'?
Stand to is when some one asks you to STAND and LISTEN
What is the present perfect tense of stand?
The future tense of stand is "will stand."
How do crips stand?
Crips don't have a specific way to stand, they can't stand however they wanna stand.
