A negative pap smear positive for high-risk HPV means that there were no abnormal cells (damage) noted, but the HPV result means that repeat testing or additional testing may be needed. The recommendations depend on your age and history.
If the HPV test completed with the pap smear was looking only for high-risk HPV subtypes, then a positive HPV result could indicate a greater risk of Cervical cancer in the future. If the HPV test ordered was looking for all HPV subtypes, the result has no clinical meaning. Talk with your health care provider about the test that was done, and the meaning of the results given your medical history.
Abnormal changes in a pap smear may or may not be related to HPV. Getting information about your specific pap result can help you determine whether HPV is a possible cause.
First, a pap smear does not detect HPV. Instead, a pap smear looks for damage to cells by certain types of HPV. The vast majority of women and men are infected with HPV soon after having intercourse. For most, the infection is never detected or noticed.
Yes, HPV can be dormant and undetected by a pap smear. A pap smear looks for damage to the cervix caused by HPV. It does not look for all subtypes of HPV or detect HPV infection.
It is recommended for women to receive a pap smear because to collect cells that could detected HPV virus, cervical cancer or other abnormal changes. The pap smear test should be done yearly.
A pap smear looks for signs of cervical cancer or precancerous problems on the cervix. It's meant to show which patients need further screening for these conditions. An HPV test done at the same time or just after the pap is typically done to look for high-risk (cancer causing) HPV subtypes. It may be ordered with or after the pap based on a woman's age, her pap history, or due to an inconclusive pap result. A negative HPV test in this context only says that the cervix is not infected with high-risk HPV subtypes; a negative test doesn't mean you don't have HPV, but just that there's no high-risk HPV on the cervix.
You should avoid anything in the vagina for 24 hours before a pap smear or HPV test.
A PAP smear looks for cellular abnormalities associated with cervical cancer. While it may occasionally raise questions that eventually lead to recognizing the presence of HPV, that is not its function or expectation. Please visit your obsetrician to get an answer. Don't take the chance of getting a wrong answer from ordinary people. Most health questions should be directed to your own physician.
Current recommendations are for women thirty and over to have a combination of Pap smear and HPV test. If both of these are normal, the next pap smear is due in five years. This strategy for screening decreases the number of false positives and false negatives. Talk with your health care provider for advice specific to your situation and history.
Cervical cancer can be detected both clinically (through the OB GYN or clinician that does the exam) and through pathology (both gross pathology that looks at an actual biopsy or cell pathology that looks at cancerous cells) A pathology report is the final indicator of a positive cancer diagnosis.
Get a yearly pap smear from a doctor, have protected sex ( most cervical cancer is a result of HPV that is transmitted through sex), and take care of yourself.
Abnormal paps almost never mean HIV. While women with HIV are more likely to have abnormal pap smears, most women with abnormal pap smears do not have HIV.
A pap smear is not used to test for herpes. Whether an HPV test will be run at the time of your pap depends on factors including your age, pap history, and current pap result. Ask your health care provider if it makes sense for you to be tested for HPV at your next pap.