photon
The layer that forms ions is ionosphere. It is a charged layer.
electolyte
A charged particle that forms when an atom transfers electrons is an ion. An atom that loses an electron forms a positively charged ion called a cation; an atom that gains an electron forms a negatively charged ion called an anion.
cloud
Light energy. Most particles we can see are electrically charged, they have color. its quite hard to fully understand energy and how it's diff. forms work, but this is the best answer I can put words to.
Yes, there are dangers posed by the atmosphere. All forms of weather, including storms, are atmospheric phenomena.
It's called an ionic bond. It usually results from a metal, which forms a positive ion, reacting with a non-metal, which forms a negative ion.
The major types of radiation are: 1. alpha particles, which are free electrons. 2. beta particles, which are the nuclei of helium atoms 3. gamma rays, which are high-energy electromagnetic radiation like sunlight or X-rays. Alpha and Beta particles are deflected and absorbed by the atmosphere.
There is no atmosphere on the Moon and no large bodies of water to cause any forms of erosion, so there is no erosion like on Earth.
Clouds form when evaporated water (water vapor) rises into the earth's atmosphere where it eventually condenses and forms water particles. These water particles then rapidly join with particles of dust and also collide to form larger droplets. Large quantities of this amass together to ultimately form a cloud.
It forms clouds.
The ozone in the atmosphere forms by the UV rays. Strange thing but this is the same rays that destroys it too.