What happens if a mistake is made in the reading of the Torah?

Answer 1

It depends on the type of mistake. Most (not all) mistakes in cantillation may be overlooked. Mistakes in pronunciation which don't affect meaning should be corrected but the Torah-reading is still okay if they're not properly reread. Mistakes which alter the meaning must be reread.

Answer 2

Shulchan Arukh Orach Chaim ch.143:

1) If another Sefer Torah (Torah scroll) is available, it should be read. You start from the same place where you left off in the first scroll; and you don't repeat the blessing before reading. You don't need to call up seven more people - just call up the number of people that will give a total of seven including those who were called up to the first Torah scroll. And you don't need to go back and read those verses which were read in the first scroll.

2) If no second scroll is available, the one with the mistake may be used.

3) If the mistake was a minor one, such as a word that has a missing Vav but would sound the same, you don't need to take out a second scroll. The mistake must be fixed (not during the Sabbath); but the scroll (in the meantime) may be used.

Answer 3

Torah scrolls with mistakes are not allowed to be used as is; but they may be fixed by a scribe (sofer). Scrolls which are too old to be fixed are buried.