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How is a magnetic field produced in an atom?

Updated: 8/11/2023
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Greenmonster121

Lvl 1
11y ago

Best Answer

This depends if they are charged or neutral and if they are moving or not.

A: If they are not moving then nothing usually and if they are neutral nothing.

B: If they are charged and moving then they begin to accelerate in the direction of the magnetic field.

C: If the object is a magnetic object for instance Iron that shares its electrons metallically then it will feel a acceleration in the direction of the magnetic field all other object will feel nothing.

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Wiki User

13y ago
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Wiki User

11y ago
Simple Answer:
An isolated atom has three sources for a magnetic field, the electron motion, the electrons' intrinsic magnetic moment and the nuclear magnetic moment.

Explanation:
First, the electrons around the atom are in motion and if there is a net circulating flow (i.e. a nonzero angular momentum) then the motion of the electrons is a current that produces a magnetic field in basically the same process that any current produces a magnetic field.

Second, the electron itself has a magnetic property as a particle called the magnetic moment. The magnetic moment of the particle effectively makes it a tiny permanent magnet. (Other elementary particles have this property also.) The electrons in an atom can be arranged so that the magnetic fields of the individual electrons' magnetic moments add together or cancel each other out. If they do not totally cancel each other out, the atom as a whole then has the property of a tiny magnet. If arranged in a bulk form, like an iron magnet, these electrons can be the primary source of the permanent magnetic field of a material.

Third, the nucleus of an atom is also made up of particles with an intrinsic magnetic moment, just as the electron is. In particular, the protons have a large magnetic contribution. It is not often the case that the nuclei of atoms spontaneously align with the nuclei of other atoms to produce a net permanent magnetization of a material, but it is a technologically important characteristic, e.g. for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
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Q: How is a magnetic field produced in an atom?
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