If you only had the use of your rods (shade receptors), you would be colour blind. Depending on which cones (colour receptors) were ineffective, you could be red green colourblind, or even completely colourblind.
No, it does not because the only thing that happens is, when the pine cones come off the tree when its raining hard they do not get damaged or anything.
Pine cones are only purple on a variety that has purple cones, so it is a trait of the variety.
Cones and pyramids have only one base, but prisms have multiple bases.
All conifers carry cones. that's where they get their name. Only Pine trees carry pine cones.
what happens when a cell becomes specialised
I believe that cones have only 1 edge. Try googling, images-cone.
cones
the answer is photoreceptors. search photoreceptors to figure out what they are.
Bones, yes.
false
No, only on shapes with circles such as cones and spheres.
Apple trees produce apple blossoms, which when pollinated, then produce the fruit. Only trees with needles produce cones with seeds, some of which are edible, but not as fruit -- as nuts.