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You could draw it using Lewis structures, where valence electrons are represented by dots. You can also express it in equation form. The first ionization of calcium, for instance, could be expressed as: Ca --> Ca+ + e-
As you can see, neutral calcium loses an electron to form the calcium +1 cation. Of course, we know that calcium will lose another electron as well, which can be expressed in the equation for the second ionization of calcium: Ca+ --> Ca++ + e-
Normally, calcium will not experience a third ionization, because with two valence electrons, it has now achieved a full octet and is isoelectronic with argon.
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