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A polymerase is an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of free nucleotides into a single strand. DNA polymerase differs from RNA polymerase in two major respects: * Like all enzymes, DNA polymerase is substrate-specific. DNA polymerase cannot extend a single strand of DNA; it needs at least a short segment of double-stranded DNA at the outset. * As its name implies, DNA polymerase incorporates deoxyribonucleotides into the new strand. RNA polymerase incorporates ribonucleotides. These differences mean that DNA polymerase is active when new DNA strands are formed, as in DNA replication, and RNA polymerase is active when new RNA is formed, as in transcription. Before DNA replication can begin, the two strands must uncoil, so that each can form a template for free nucleotides to attach to. But DNA polymerase cannot get started with a single strand! In vivo(in the cell) RNA polymerase, which is active in the presence of single-stranded DNA, catalyzes the incorporation of a handful of nucleotides into a new strand. The short length of double-stranded nucleic acid that is produced enables DNA polymerase to swing into action. This still leaves a potential difficulty: the nucleotides incorporated in the presence of RNA polymerase are the wrong sort (ribonucleotides). They are subsequently replaced by DNA polymerase. In vitro (during PCR, the polymerase chain reaction) a primer, specially synthesized in a laboratory, attaches to a specific segment of single-stranded DNA, and the DNA polymerase takes over from there. The primer consists of a short length of single-stranded DNA that uniquely complements a specific DNA segment that is targeted for amplification, for example for forensic analysis.

In practice, there are several different DNA polymerases and RNA polymerases in an organism.

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15y ago
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12y ago

RNA is usually single stranded while DNA is double stranded. RNA uses the base uracil instead of the base thymine used by DNA. RNA polymerase does not need to use the enzyme helicase to unwind the strands of DNA, nor does it need a primer to transcribe. DNA polymerase needs both to replicate DNA. A few of the differences not only between the polymerases but the strands themselves.

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9y ago

polymerase is an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of free nucleotides into a single strand.

DNA polymerase differs from RNA polymerase in two major respects:

Like all enzymes, DNA polymerase is substrate-specific. DNA polymerase cannot extend a single strand of DNA; it needs at least a short segment of double-stranded DNA at the outset.

As its name implies, DNA polymerase incorporates deoxyribonucleotides into the new strand. RNA polymerase incorporates ribonucleotides.

These differences mean that DNA polymerase is active when new DNA strands are formed, as in DNA replication, and RNA polymerase is active when new RNA is formed, as in transcription.

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14y ago

The rRNA is Rybosomal RNA, its the one from which the Rybosomes are made of. The RNA Polymerase is the enzyme in charged of the RNA Transcription, it depends on certain Initiation Factors, the Promotor (usually TATA box) to start it. So rRNA gives the "form" to the Rybosomes found in the Cytoplasm or attached to the RER The RNA Polymerase is an enzyme and it is found inside the Nuclus

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13y ago

DNA Polymerase enzyme requires RNA primer for initiating Replication

RNA Polymerase enyme do not require such primer for its activity

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14y ago

RNA polymerase can initiate RNA synthesis, but DNA polymerase requires a primer to initiate DNA synthesis.

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9y ago

Taq polymerase is a thermally stable DNA polymerase

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11y ago

Helicase unwinds and unzips the parental DNA molecule while RNA polymerase attaches the RNA nucleotides to the DNA strand bases (complementary base pairing)

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3y ago

Taq polymerases are stable in high temperature but DNA polymerases are not stable at high temperature

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Q: Differences between DNA polymerase and RNA polymerase?
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Related questions

What enzyme transcribes DNA?

The enzyme that transcribes the DNA into RNA is called RNA polymerase.


What enzyme binds to DNA and is responsible for making a transcript RNA of DNA?

RNA mRNA tRNA


Is the enzyme that allows replication to occur DNA polymerase or RNA polymerase?

DNA polymerase replicated DNA. RNA polymerase creates mRNA to be used in protein synthesis. RNA polymerase does not replicated DNA.


What enzyme matches RNA nucleotides to complementary DNA nucleotides?

RNA polymerase


What enzyme is necessary for transcription?

The enzyme RNA polymerase transcribes DNA. This enzyme initiates transcription, joins the RNA nucleotides together, and terminates.


Where does RNA polymerase bind?

RNA polymerase bind specific regions of DNA called promoters. The RNA polymerase holoenzyme is guided to promoters by interactions between members of the holoenyzme and specific DNA sequences such as the TATA box.


What enzyme converts RNA to DNA?

RNA Polymerase - A polymerase that catalyzes the synthesis of a complementary strand of RNA from a DNA template, or, in some viruses, from an RNA template.


What are the similarities between rna polymerase and DNA polymerase?

Both RNA and DNA form in the same manner. They add bases to the 3' end of the base to form a polymer.


What is the primase and its function?

Primase in the DNA-dependent RNA polymerase enzyme that functions in DNA replication by synthesizing the RNA primers which are then extended by DNA polymerase to yield newly synthesized DNA fragments. While being an RNA polymerase, primase is different from the RNA polymerase that functions in the transcription of DNA.


What is the name of the enzyme that creates mRNA?

RNA polymerase is the enzyme that makes mRNA from a strand of DNA.


How does Transcription take place?

who? the transcription enzyme RNA polymerase, the promoter DNA and the terminator DNAwhere? in the cell nucleusInitiation The promoter, located in the DNA at the beginning of the gene becomes the binding site for the RNA polymerase. Elongation the RNA polymerase copies and peels away the copied DNA, after copied, the DNA joins back with its matching DNA strand while the newly made RNA leave the polymerase Termination the RNA polymerase reaches a special sequence of bases in the DNA template that signals the end of the gene. The polymerase enzyme detaches from the RNA molecule and the gene who? the transcription enzyme RNA polymerase, the promoter DNA and the terminator DNAwhere? in the cell nucleusInitiation The promoter, located in the DNA at the beginning of the gene becomes the binding site for the RNA polymerase. Elongation the RNA polymerase copies and peels away the copied DNA, after copied, the DNA joins back with its matching DNA strand while the newly made RNA leave the polymerase Termination the RNA polymerase reaches a special sequence of bases in the DNA template that signals the end of the gene. The polymerase enzyme detaches from the RNA molecule and the gene


What provide energy for RNA polymerase?

How energy for movement RNA polymerase on DNA provide