An appellant may file a motion for a rehearing, if warranted, but the US Supreme Court has full discretion to grant or deny this request. If denied, the case is considered res judicata(completed), and the decision of the Court is both final and binding.
You're referring to a writ of certiorari.
No it can't. The only way to overturn a supreme court decision is either another supreme court decision, or a constitutional amendment.
By issuing a judicial review.
Sometimes. If the Supreme Court decision interprets a statute or common law, it can be overturned by a legislative statute to the contrary. However, if the Supreme Court decision is interpreting constitutional law, a constitutional amendment would be required to overturn the decision.
The Eighteenth Amendment, which established Prohibition, was not added to overturn a Supreme Court decision. It was added to the Constitution to ban the manufacture, sale, and transportation of alcoholic beverages.
A U. S. president cannot reverse a U. S. Supreme Court decision or the decision of the Supreme Court of any state or territory.
No
Plessy V Ferguson (1896)
The president does not have any power over the decisions of the Supreme Court. Only the Supreme Court itself can overturn a supreme court decision.
Plessy v. Ferguson (1896),
"Seperate but Equal", from the case Plessy vs. Ferguson.
If you're asking about the party who files a petition for writ of certiorari with the US Supreme Court, the term is "petitioner" or "appellant." The party required to answer the appeal is the "respondent" or "appellee."
A simple majority can overturn a previous ruling. This is what happened when the current idiots declared corporations "people" for legal purposes and will allow them to buy and sell politicians even more in US elections.