Certain elements combine with other atoms, donating, accepting or sharing electrons in different proportions depending on the nature of the reaction. For example, iron combines with oxygen to form ferrous oxide as well as ferric oxide. In the formation of ferrous oxide, iron exhibits a valency of +2, whereas in ferric oxide, it has a valency of +3. This is termed variable valency
this is when an atom has more than one valency
for example, iron can have a valency of 2, if it is iron (II), or similarly, it can have a valency of 3, if it is iron (III)
the elements which show different valencies are said to be variable valencies
The elements which are known as Transition elements shows variable valencies .................
Variable valencies are the valencies which can change e.g. Fe (iron) can either have the valency of 2 (Fe II) or 3 (Fe III)
Valencies of gold are between -1 and +5; the most common are +1 and +3.
kuru
CoCl2.6H2O has 6 water molecules attached as secondary valencies and 2 chlorine atoms are serving as the primary valencies. The secondary valencies are directional in nature and hence they lead to the geometry of it. The geometry of this compound is Octahedral with cobalt showing a coordination no. of 6.
I guess, the most fundamental is their valency. This dictates how many times it can bond to other elements. Elements with the same valency often share similar properties with other elements with the same valency. The periodic table is divided into 8 rows (and a D block). Each of these 8 rows have elements with similar properties, related to their valencies.
Uranium can form in solutions ions with valencies 3,4,5,6.
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Variable valencies are the valencies which can change e.g. Fe (iron) can either have the valency of 2 (Fe II) or 3 (Fe III)
Conventionally representative elements are called the chemical elements from the groups 1,2, 13-18. These elements haven't generally variable valencies. The transitions metals are not representative elements.
kuru
The main group elements have fixed valencies but members of the d block have multiple valencies.
Variable valencies are the valencies which can change e.g. Fe (iron) can either have the valency of 2 (Fe II) or 3 (Fe III)
cfvbhm
The common valences of cobalt are +2 and +3.
The valency of an element refers to the combining power of a given element. The valencies of all the elements is contained in the table of valencies. The valencies of the elements can be obtained by looking at the groups in the periodic table.
Period 1 (Elements 1 and 2)1s1 - 1s2Period 2 (Elements 3 - 10)2s1 - 2s22p6Period 3 (Elements 11 - 18)3s1 - 3s23p6Period 4 (Elements 19 and 20)4s1 - 4s2
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Vanadium has the following valencies: 2, 3, 4 and 5.
Silver and gold, the other two occupants of periodic table column 11.