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Q: What process aids an archaeologist in the study of artifacts?
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What are the uses of a plough?

A plough is primarily used in agriculture for breaking up and turning over soil before planting crops. It helps to create furrows or ridges for seeds or seedlings and aids soil aeration. Additionally, ploughs are also used for leveling the ground, removing weeds, and incorporating organic matter or fertilizer into the soil.


When and where was iron discovered and by whom?

The middle east, Ancient India and Ancient Greece in about the 12th century BC. It was the 8th BC in central Europe and 6 th BC in Northern Europe. Since it was so long ago no one can say who actually found the first iron ore. new study led by Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute senior scientist, Elizabeth Theil, Ph.D., is the first to suggest that a small protein or heptapeptide (seven amino acids wrapped into one unit) could be used to accelerate the removal of iron from ferritin. The results of this study may help scientists develop new medications that dramatically improve the removal of excess iron in patients diagnosed with blood diseases such as B-Thalassemia (Cooley's anemia) or Sickle Cell Disease.The study appears in this month's issue of the Journal of Biological Chemistry and was conducted by Dr. Theil and her co-authors Xiaofeng S. Liu, postdoctoral fellow at Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute, Marvin J. Miller, Ph.D. and Leslie D. Patterson, a predoctoral student, both from the University of Notre Dame. The scientists knew that the ferritin protein cage had pores that could open and close. It was also known that chelators (a method to detoxify blood) removed iron faster when the pores were open."We wanted to prove a hypothesis that a small protein or peptide could bind to ferritin and could be used to regulate ferritin pores," said Dr. Theil. "Our hypothesis was correct. We proved that when a binding peptide of seven amino acids, a heptapeptide, is coupled with Desferal the rate of removal of iron from ferritin is eight times faster." Desferal is currently used to detoxify the blood of patients with iron overload and is a common therapeutic remedy.Ferritin is a protein that concentrates iron in its inner core or 'cage'. It plays a critical role in understanding iron overload, which can lead to a variety of symptoms including chronic fatigue, weakness, joint pain and arthritis. If left untreated, iron overload can lead to serious problems, including diabetes, liver and heart disease.----------------------------Article adapted by Medical News Today from original press release.----------------------------The study's results are based on laboratory tests. The National Institutes of Health (NIH), the Cooley's Anemia Foundation and Children's Hospital & Research Center Oakland provided funding for this research.Click here for more information on Dr. Theil's research.Research at Children's Hospital & Research Center Oakland, CAResearch efforts at Children's Hospital & Research Center Oakland are coordinated through Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute (CHORI). Children's Hospital Oakland is Northern California's only freestanding and independent children's hospital. CHORI's internationally renowned biomedical research facility brings together seven centers of excellence that are devoted to clinical and basic science research to treat and prevent disease. CHORI has approximately 300 staff members and an annual budget of more than $49 million. The National Institutes of Health is CHORI's primary funding source. The institute is a leader in translational research, bringing bench discoveries to bedside applications. These include providing cures for blood diseases, developing new vaccines for infectious diseases and discovering new treatment protocols for previously fatal or debilitating conditions such as cancers, sickle cell disease and thalassemia, diabetes, asthma, HIV/AIDS, pediatric obesity, nutritional deficiencies, birth defects, hemophilia and cystic fibrosis.


What method did viking use to navigate the seas?

Vikings used several methods to navigate the seas, one of which was using the sun and stars as their guide. They also relied on landmarks, such as mountains and coastal features, as well as observing the behavior of birds and marine animals. Additionally, Vikings also used primitive navigation tools like a sun compass, a simple device made of wood and string, to determine their direction.


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Kaplan offers some courses and study aids for studying the SAT. Collegeboard, the company that runs the SAT, also offers some study aids.


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