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Daughter Elements
Radio active parent elements decay to stable daughter elements i.e. the radio active parent Potassium 40 decays to Argon 40 Each radioactive isotope has it's own half life A half life is the time it takes for the parent radioactive element to decay to a daughter product, Potassium 40 decays to Argon 40 with a half life of 1 1/4 billion years. Therin lies the problem of storing nuclear waste
it's half life
Take a look at this:"In 1896 Henri Becquerel and Marie Curie discovered that certain isotopes undergo spontaneous radioactive decay, transforming into new isotopes. Atoms of a parent radioactive isotope randomly decay into a daughter isotope. Over time the number of parent atoms decreases and the number of daughter atoms increases. Rutherford and Soddy (1902) discovered that the rate of decay of a radioactive isotope depends on the amount of the parent isotope remaining. Later it was found that half of the parent atoms occurring in a sample at any time will decay into daughter atoms in a characteristic time called the half-life."from http://myweb.cwpost.liu.edu/vdivener/notes/radiometric_dating.htmThese discoveries lead to the practical application of radiometric dating so you could probably credit the discovery to these individuals.
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its called Half-Time...
It's called "half life".
It tells how long it takes for a radioactive isotope to become a daughter element.
At the time the rock is created, the radioactive isotope is present in that rock in a ratio of 1 to zero with regard to the stable daughter. After one half-life, which is 10,000 years, the isotope to daughter ratio is 1 to 1. After another half-life, which is another 10,000 years, the ratio is 1 to 3. The rock is 20,000 years old.To see it another way, after the first half-life is complete, half the material is the original isotope, and half is the daughter. That's a 1 to 1 ratio. After another half-life (another 10,000 years) has passed, half the original isotope that was left has become the daughter. That's one quarter more of the daughter that will be added to the quantity of the daughter existing after the first half-life. That means that one quarter of the original isotope will be left after 2 half-lives, and the rest (the other 3/4ths of the material) will be the daughter. The ratio of the original isotope to the daughter after 2 half-lives (20,000 years) is 1 to 3.
Radioisotopes are used by scientists to date rocks in a method called radiometric dating. The isotopes of an element are the atoms that have the same number of protons and electrons but different numbers of neutrons. When atoms of a radioactive isotope are included in the formation of a crystal, that crystal becomes the parent isotope. As the isotopes begin to decay, they become a daughter isotope. The convenient property of this phenomenon is that a certain parent isotope will ALWAYS decay to a certain daughter isotope. The rate of decay from parent to daughter isotope is called the half-life (time for half of the parent to become the daughter). Being familiar with and using isotopes such as Uranium-238, Uranium-235, and Carbon-14, scientists are able to calculate the age of a rock, fossil, etc. using the known half-life for each parent isotope.
halflife