Natural selection and Mutation . Cause new variations of traits in a population .
in genetic terms, there is only 1 way which is called genetic mutation. in sociology terms there are new Ideas that arise from creativity which is called deviation.
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mutations and genetic recombinations.
sexual reproduction
Mutation and genetic recombination
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Variation is caused by new genetic mutations in a population which lead to different traits in a population. Evolution selets the most useful of these mutation, eventually leading to prominence of new traits within a species or population, or even new species.
Urine formation in the kidney
Yes. Genetic drift-- the change in allelic frequencies of a population due to chance-- can play a major role in evolution. The effects of drift are most pronounced in small, isolated populations. Drift can bring alleles to fixation very quickly in such populations, and can lead to genetic differentiation between them, possibly contributing to speciation.
It is, in fact, evolution (shifts in the frequencies of traits in populations) that causes adaptation (when these shifts lead to increased fitness).
An adaptation is an inherited trait that increases an organism's chance of surviving and reproducing in its environment.-one tortoise is born with a short stubby neck, and another tortoise has a long neck. the short stubby-necked tortoise has a hard time reaching the tall cacti, but the long-necked tortoise can reach the food with ease. the short-necked tortoise eventually starves to death, and the long-necked one gets to live and reproduce.a variation is a slight difference in an inherited trait of individual members of a species. such as variations in the color of a tigers coat, or the colors of a snail's shell. these are the result of mutations- mutations can lead to changes in phenotype.adaptation is when something adapts to its surroundings, and variation means that something can adapt to different types of environments.
variation
Descent with modification
Macro-evolution. Or, more accurately, speciation.
Individuals die. Only the progeny of individuals carry on the genetic variation that is in populations. Selection works on this variation in populations by working on variation passed along by the sex cells. Somatic cells of the individual can have any mutation, but can not pass it on to progeny. Sex cell, having mutation which allow selection to choose among variation, lead to evolutionary processes.
There are many ways.
Plate tectonic can lead to the isolation of continental or island land masses where the processes of natural selection result in life forms unique to that land mass. This is because competition is not possible between the populations of a isolated land mass and the rest of the Earth's population.
mutation brings about variation which is the basis of evolution and the two types of variation are heritable and non-heritable
Cross pollination, mutation and polyploidy lead to variations in the progeny
Genetic variation, which can lead to evoloution, and then potentially a new species.
If an animal dies out it could mess up its food chain, which could lead to over populations and under populations.
Melting and solidification!
Variation in Genotypes result in variations of Phenotypes which lead to the Possibility of Biological Development that did end up being Survival of the Fittest.