Which Nazi concentration camps were outside Germany?
Though there were hundreds in Germany, most were outside of
Germany. Estimates range from 1200 to 15,000; most were destroyed,
making an accurate catalog difficult. Some of the major ones are
listed below:
Camp name Country (today) Camp type Dates of use Est. prisoners
Est. deaths Sub-camps
Mauthausen-Gusen Austria Labour camp Aug 1938 - May 1945 195,000
95,000 min.
Koldichevo Belarus Labour camp Summer 1942 - Jun 1944 22,000
Maly Trostenets Belarus Extermination camp Jul 1941 - Jun 1944
206,500 (official) 65,000
Breendonk Belgium Prison and labour camp 20 Sep 1940 - Sep 1944
3532 min. 391 min. none
Mechelen Belgium Transit camp July 1942 - Sep 1944 25267 min.
300 min. none
Alderney Channel Islands Labour camps Jan 1942 - Jun 1944 6,000
700 Lager Borkum, Lager Helgoland, Lager Norderney, Lager Sylt
Jasenovac concentration camp Croatia Extermination camp for
Jews, Serbs, Croats and Roma 1941-1945 99,000 Stara Gradiška
concentration camp, Sisak children's concentration camp, Donja
Gradina, Jasenovac main
Skrochowitz (Skrochovice) Czech Republic Transit (1939) and
labour camp Sept 1939 - Dec 1939, 1940-1943 1939:700 1939:13
Theresienstadt (Terezín) Czech Republic Transit camp and Ghetto
Nov 1941 - May 1945 140,000 35,000 min.
Jägala Estonia Labour camp Aug 1942 - Aug 1943 200 3,000
none
Klooga Estonia Labour camp Summer 1943 - 28 Sep 1944 2,400
Vaivara Estonia Concentration and transit camp 15 Sep 1943 - 29
Feb 1944 20,000 950 22
Drancy France Internment camp, transit 20 Aug 1941 - 17 Aug 1944
70,000 Three of five Paris annexes: Austerlitz, Lévitan and Bassano
camps
Fort de Romainville France Prison and transit camp 1940 - Aug
1945 8,100 min. 200 min. none
Le Vernet France Internment camp 1939-1944
Natzweiler-Struthof (Struthof) France Labour camp; Nacht und
Nebel camp; extermination camp May 1941 - Sep 1944 40,000
25,000L'historique du camp de Natzweiler-Struthof par Roger
Boulanger, 2006.
Arbeitsdorf Germany Labour camp 8 Apr 1942 - 11 Oct 1942 600
min. none
Berga an der Elster (Berga, Thuringia) Germany Labour camp;
Buchenwald subcamp
Bergen-Belsen Germany Collection point Apr 1943 - Apr 1945
70,000 2
Berlin-Marzahn Germany Early a "rest place" then labour camp for
Roma July 1936 - none
Bernburg Germany Collection point Apr 1942 - Apr 1945 100,000
2
Breitenau Germany "Early wild camp", then labour camp Jun 1933 -
Mar 1934, 1940-1945 470 - 8500
Buchenwald Germany Labour camp Jul 1937 - Apr 1945 250,000
56,000
Dachau Germany Labour camp Mar 1933 - Apr 1945 200,000
31,591
Flößberg (Frohburg) Germany Labour camp; Buchenwald subcamp
November 1944 - Apr 1945 1904 235 min.
Flossenbürg Germany Labour camp May 1938 - Apr 1945 100,000 min.
30,000
Hinzert Germany Collection point and subcamp Jul 1940 - Mar 1945
14,000 302 min.
Kaufering/Landsberg Germany Labour camp Jun 1943 - Apr 1945
30,000 14,500 min.
Kemna Germany Early concentration camp Jun 1933 - Jan 1944 4,500
none
Langenstein-Zwieberge Germany Buchenwald subcamp Apr 1944 - Apr
1945 5,000 2,000
Malchow Germany Labour and Transit camp Winter 1943 - 8 May 1945
5,000
Mittelbau-Dora Germany Labour camp Sep 1943 - Apr 1945 60,000
20,000 min.
Neuengamme Germany Labour camp 13 Dec 1938 - 4 May 1945 106,000
42,900+
Niederhagen Germany Prison and labour camp Sep 1941 - early 1943
3,900 1,285 none
Oberer Kuhberg Germany Concentration camp Nov 1933 - 1935 0
Former infantry base Gleißelstetten (Fortress of Ulm)
Ohrdruf Germany Labour and concentration camp; Buchenwald
subcamp Nov 1944 - Apr 1945 11,700
Oranienburg Germany Early concentration camp Mar 1933 - Jul 1934
3,000 16 min.
Osthofen Germany Collective point Mar 1933 - Jul 1934
Ravensbrück Germany Labour camp for women May 1939 - Apr 1945
150,000 90,000 min.
Sachsenhausen Germany Labour camp Jul 1936 - Apr 1945 200,000
min. 100,000
Bolzano Italy Transit Jul 1944 - Apr 1945 11,116
Fossoli Italy Prison and transit camp 5 Dec 1943 - Nov 1944
2,800
Risiera di San Sabba (Trieste) Italy Police detainment camp Sep
1943 - 29 Apr 1945 25,000 5,000
Kaiserwald (Mežaparks) Latvia Labour camp 1942 - 6 Aug 1944
20,000? 16, incl. Eleja-Meitenes
Salaspils (Kirchholm ) Latvia Labour camp Oct 1941 - Summer 1944
2,000
Kauen (Kaunas) Lithuania Ghetto and internment camp ????
Prawienischken
Amersfoort Netherlands Transit camp and prison Aug 1941 - Apr
1945 35,000 1,000
Herzogenbusch (Vught) Netherlands Concentration camp 1943 -
Summer 1944 31,000
Westerbork Netherlands Transit camp May 1940 - Apr 1945
102,000
Bardufoss Norway Concentration camp Mar 1944 - ???? 800 250
Bredtvet Norway Concentration camp Fall, 1941 - May, 1944 1,000
min. ???? none
Falstad Norway Prison camp Dec 1941 - May 1945 200 min. none
Grini Norway Prison camp 2 May 1941 - May 1945 19,788 8 Fannrem
Bardufoss Kvænangen
Auschwitz-Birkenau Poland Extermination and labour camp Apr 1940
- Jan 1945 135,000 min. in August 1944 1,100,000 min. out of
6,000,000 rec. arrivals list of 48 sub-camps with description at
the Auschwitz-Birkenau State Museum
Bełżec Poland Extermination camp Oct 1941 - Jun 1943 434,508
min.
Chełmno (Kulmhof) Poland Extermination camp Dec 1941 - Apr 1943,
Apr 1944 - Jan 1945 152,000 min.
Fort VII (Poznań) Poland Concentration, detention, transit Oct
1939 - Apr 1944 18,000 min. 4,500 min.
Gross-Rosen Poland Labour camp; Nacht und Nebel camp Aug 1940 -
Feb 1945 125,000 40,000
Majdanek (KZ Lublin) Poland Extermination camp Jul 1941 - Jul
1944 78,000
Mittelsteine Poland Labour camp; Gross-Rosen subcamp Aug 1944 -
April 1945 300-1,000
Płaszów Poland Labour camp Dec 1942 - Jan 1945 150,000 min.
9,000 min.
Sobibór Poland Extermination camp May 1942 - Oct 1943 200,000
max.
Soldau Poland Labour; Transit camp Winter 1939/40 - Jan 1945
30,000 13,000
Stutthof Poland Labour camp Sep 1939 - May 1945 110,000
65,000
Treblinka Poland Extermination camp Jul 1942 - Nov 1943
870,000
Warsaw Poland Labour and extermination camp 1942-1944 400,000
max. 200,000 max
Banjica Serbia Concentration camp Jun 1941 - Sep 1944 23,637
3,849
Crveni krst Serbia Concentration camp 1941-1944 30,000
10,000
Sajmište Serbia Extermination camp Oct 1941 - Jul 1944 92,000
23,000-47,000
Bogdanovka Ukraine Concentration camp 1941 54,000 40,000
Janowska (Lwów) Ukraine Ghetto; transit, labour, &
extermination camp Sep 1941 - Nov 1943 40,000 min. none
