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Roman Catholic AnswerBy "Roman Church" I assume that you are referring to the Catholic Church. Take it from a Catholic, this is kind of rude and insulting. Secondly, there was no movement in the sixteenth century which caused a division in the Catholic Church, unless by "Roman Church" you are referring to something else. The Catholic Church was founded by Jesus Christ to be One, Holy, Catholic, and Apostolic, and is guided by the Holy Spirit; as these four marks are guaranteed by God, there will never be a division in the Church as Christ, Himself, guaranteed that It would be ONE until the end of time.

Finally, you are asking about a "movement" in the sixteenth century. Given the tenor of your question, you are probably referring to the protestant revolt.

from A Catholic Dictionary, edited by Donald Attwater, Second edition, revised 1957

The Protestant Reformation: the revolt from the Catholic Church in Western Europe begun and carried to its height in the 16th century. It differed from all previous heretical movements in that it was not concerned with one or a few definite points of doctrine but was directed against the whole complex and system of Christianity as then understood; it gave licence to the human self in the spiritual and religious order. Its principal causes were: the excessive temporal power, wealth and privilege which accrued to the higher clergy, the wicked, worldly and careless lives of many of the clergy, secular and regular, and the decay of philosophy and theology (these resulted partly from the Renaissance) with consequent low standard of spiritual life among the people generally; the weakening of the authority of the Holy See, following the Great Schism, increased by the humanistic corruption of the papal court; the parallel insurgence of secular princes. Its principal motives were: desire for the purity of religion and godliness of life which, from the state of the clergy, precipitated a violent and unreasoning anti-clericalism which degenerated into contempt for all spiritual authority; the national ambitions of secular princes which flourished in the break-up of the Catholic integrity of Europe; an appetite for spoil and, as in England, fear of having to give up looted ecclesiastical wealth; in some, a hatred of the Church and Faith which can be attributed only to the direct working of the Devil. The principal results of the Reformation were: the true reform of the Church "in head and members" effected by the Council of Trent and the revivification of Catholicism so thoroughly achieved that it remains vital to this day (The Counter-reformation); the putting of countless souls, notably in Great Britain, Scandinavia and the German parts of the Empire, in enmity to the Church and consequently outside those means provided by Christ for man to know and attain to God; the disappearance of any "higher unity" holding together the diverse peoples and nations of Europe, the inoculation of men with naturalistic and humanitarian (as opposed to theocentric) philosophy which is now the chiefest enemy of Christianity.

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13y ago
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10y ago

A few minor problems with your question:

First of all, it's just Catholic, not Roman Catholic. Roman is an epithet first commonly used in England after the protestant revolt to describe the Catholic Church. It is never used by the official Catholic Church.

Secondly, there was no split in Catholicism in the sixteenth century, there was only the heretical departure of the protestants from the Christian faith.

The most famous of the firebrands that left the Church was Martin Luther, followed by King Henry VIII of England, and Ulrich Zwingli, John Calvin, John Knox, and after that, they become too numerous to mention.

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Q: What was the movement in the 1500s that caused a division of the Roman Church in Europe?
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