optical pyrometer
A special type of technique is used to measure very high temperatures such as the Sun. A Bolometer is the instrument used to measure the Suns temperature. The Bolometer measures in colors, and the Sun emits temperatures in colors. This technique is based on a law called Wien's Law.
The astronomical unit (symbol au sometimes AU a.u. and ua) is a unit of length, roughly the distance from the Earth to the Sun. Light year can also be used to measure the distance.
bolometer
pyrometre
The Astronomical unit is used to measure the large distances in our solar system. It is roughly the average distance between the Earth and the Sun.
sundial, watch, clock, calendar, hourglass, egg timer, metronome, sun, moon........
Time, It uses the Sun to cast a shadow.
When the Earth orbits the sun different sides of the earth face the sun.Therefore changing the temperature.
A mm is a measure of linear distance whereas a degree is a measure of angular distance. The two measure different things and there is no direct conversion from one to the other. For example, the angular measure across the full moon and the sun re approximately the same (which is why you can have the total solar eclipse with the solitaire) but there is a huge difference in the size of our two cosmic neighbours!
No. The thermometer measures the temperature of mass or material. Concerning the moon, a thermometer could measure the temperature of dust or rock on the surface. If it were not in contact with the surface, and the sun shone on it, the thermometer would read the temperature to which the sun heated it. If it were shielded from the sun, then the thermometer would read the temperature of space ... about 3 K, or darn near absolute zero.
If a thermometer is laid out in direct sunlight, it will not measure the temperature of the air surrounding it. It will measure the temperature of the heat directly reaching it.
thermometer
surroundings
No. The sun dial was an early device to help tell time.
You certainly can't take a thermometer there - any thermometer will vaporize rather quickly at the high temperatures of the Sun. The temperature of the Sun's surface (the visible part) can be calculated on the basis of the light emitted by the Sun - especially by analyzing the Sun's spectrum. At a different temperature, it would emit a different mix of wavelengths. The temperature in the Sun's core has to be calculated theoretically, on the basis of our knowledge of physics. The Sun's diameter, its mass, the age of the Solar System (estimated by the age of the Earth) and the Sun's composition (what percentage of the different elements it has) all enter this calculation. The composition of the Sun's interior must also be estimated, based on what is visible on the outside. Computer simulations are used in such calculations; the main cause of possible error is our understanding of physics - note that the conditions in the interior of the Sun are very extreme - the temperature is estimated to be several million degrees, and the pressure is very extreme as well.
A thermometer is not kept in direct sunlight because the temperature needed to be recorded by the thermometer is of the air and not the rays of the sun.
That would depend on many factors, such as the material the container is made of, the color of the container, how much water is in the container, and the starting temperature of the water. You really need to measure the temperature after six hours with a thermometer.
Use a spectrometer to measure the wavelength of the light. There is a direct, but inverse correlation of the wavelength to the temperature.
If it's in the shade, then the temperature of the air that wafts past it is. If it's in direct sun, then it's displaying the temperature of the structure of the thermometer itself, as it absorbs direct solar radiation and its temperature rises above that of the air that wafts past it.
The surface of the sun radiates energy in nearly the same manner as a black body. That is to say, the fraction of light that is emitted at each wavelength is a function of the temperature alone. As a result, we can measure the spectrum of the Sun, and then fit it with a blackbody spectrum to derive the temperature.
If the thermometer had direct sunlught on it, it would give a false reading because it would be directly heated by the sun's energy in the rays. The idea of temperature measurement is to measure the temperarure of the immediate medium in which the thermometer is placed. The shelter provides this environment. For accurate internationally acceptable readings the shelter has to conform to specific dimensions and design criteria, as well as a certain height above the ground. Direct sunlight could also cause the thermometer to burst, depending on the maximum temperature scale on the instrument.