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It is one of the rituals of Hajj ritual worship.
Rituals for Hajj are the same for all the Muslims.
usually hajj rituals takes 7 days.
The rituals of hajj are mainly be performed in Makkah (or Mecca) and its vicinity area. For details of these rituals you may refer to links below.
They Muslims to go the city of Mecca to perform Hajj. But they must go to Mina and Arafat to complete the rituals of Hajj.
Prophets Abraham (Ibrahim), Ismael, and Muhammad (peace upon them) are linked to Hajj rituals.
Literally Hajj means struggle or striving. According to Muslims, Hajj is the journey made to Mecca and completing the rituals associated with hajj. It is the fifth pillar of Islam.
Going to Mina and staying there for five days is one of main rituals of Hajj.
Main four rituals are:praying (Salat)Alms giving (Zakat)Fasting Ramadan (Sawm)Doing Pilgrimage (Hajj)Refer to related question below for more details.
they walk around a big black box called hajj
Hajj is based in Mecca (Makkah) because Hajj rituals are according to the prophet Abraham practices in Mecca and its surroundings. Abraham raised the foundations of Kaaba the oldest worship House of Allah. Turning around Kaaba for praying dates back to these ages. Many other Hajj rituals are in memorization of the prophet Abraham and his wife Hajar and his son the prophet Ismael.
Hajj is one of the five pillars of Islam, a pilgrimage to Makkah (Saudi Arabia) that takes place over 4 days and includes several rituals