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The sympathetic and the parasympathetic divisions.
Parasympathetic nervous system
Another name for the parasympathetic nervous system is the craniosacral, which describes the area of the spinal cord where the nerves are located.
The component of the ANS that is characterized by ganglion located in or near effector organs is called the parasympathetic nervous system. The ganglia of the parasympathetic nervous system are located close to or within the target organs they innervate, allowing for direct and localized control of bodily functions. This branch of the autonomic nervous system is responsible for promoting rest, digestion, and relaxation.
Neurons are classified by the direction they move.
The two integral parts of the autonomic nervous system are the sympathetic nervous system responsible for, "rest and digest" and the parasympathetic nervous system that is responsible for, "fight or flight".
It is said that central nervous system and enteric nervous system contain 1 billion neurons each.
The parasympathetic nervous system does not stimulate the fight or flight response.
Synapses are located throughout the nervous system. A synapse is a sort of 'relay station' where a message, in the form a a chemical neurotransmitter, is passed on between one neuron (nerve fibre) & the next, or between a neuron & the muscle or gland the message is aimed at.
The sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems are subdivisions of the autonomic nervous system.
Parasympathetic system. (sympathetic is commonly referred to as the "fight or flight" system and the parasympathetic is referred to as the "rest and digest" system)