It's very difficult to file without a lawyer, but it can be done. The US government themselves lay out the process at http://www.uscourts.gov/FederalCourts/Bankruptcy/BankruptcyResources/FilingBankruptcyWithoutAttorney.aspx
Sure
You might be able to file bankruptcy individually, but the bankruptcy trustee will scrutinize joint assets and income to determine whether they must be included in your individual filing. Therefor, there may be more reasons that the bankruptcy trustee would determine as cause to dismiss your bankruptcy claim. Note that if rejection of your bankruptcy claim is upheld by the bankruptcy court, actually your have only lost your time and expenses to file that particular bankruptcy claim. An excellent book for detailed perspective on filing chapter 7 or chapter 13 bankruptcy: "The New Bankruptcy, will it work for You?" 3rd edition (published in 2009 by Nolo), by Stephen Elias. I found this book in the Colorado Springs public library under 346.078 E42N (Dewey decimal).
You can file bankruptcy for two possible reasons: you are unable to pay your debts or your creditors file for bankruptcy if you owe them more than 1000 dollars.
File a proof of claim
If it is not a secured debt it will be included in the bankruptcy discharge.
No, a creditor is required to file a claim if seeking payment, otherwise that claim is considered waived. So in this case. if there was no claim, then it was waived and the debt discharged. But even if it was filed, it would have been discharged in the business BK.
can file bankrupcy if i lose my car
No limit
Under the new bankruptcy rules, this would be hard to impossible to do.
Good question. There is a common misconception that bankruptcy is simple to file for and everyone who does so gets approved. In reality, neither of those are true. Successfully completing a bankruptcy proceeding can be a difficult process. However, there is a good deal of work you must do before you can file for bankruptcy. First, you are required to complete a "means test." This is a complicated calculation that determines your ability to pay your creditors. It also compares your financial status to the average person in your area. If you pass this means test, you are allowed to file a Chapter 7 claim in Bankruptcy court - otherwise, you can only file a Chapter 13 bankruptcy claim. The next step involves undergoing credit counseling. Bankruptcy law requires that you complete this counseling before going through the bankruptcy process. Finally, you can file for bankruptcy. In addition to filing, you must submit a bundle of paperwork with the Bankruptcy court. This paperwork includes information about your income, debts, assets, and personal information.
I think that you can claim poverty so essentialy, yes
No, Generally, they must file a "proof of claim", which can be done by mail...but that is about all.