Times Roman is a serif typeface. It was commissioned by The Times newspaper in 1931. Times Roman was designed by Stanley Morison with Starling Burgess and Victor Lardent from the Monotype's English branch.
Times New Roman is a version of Times Roman that was created by Monotype specifically for Microsoft. It was distributed with every single copy of Microsoft Windows ever since version 3.1.
The differences between Times Roman and Times New Roman are mostly a trademark issue rather than design differences.
Arial was created by a team of designers at the Monotype Corporation in the early 1980s. It was designed as a competitor to the popular Helvetica typeface.
Arial became known as Arial when Microsoft began including it with its Windows operating system.
You can read more about its history on Wikipedia, below.
The Arial typeface font was invented by Robin Nicholas and Patricia Saunders in 1982. The Arial typeface font is one of the most used fonts for areas such as advertising, logos, and posters.
Arial was created in 1982.
Casey - typeface - was created in 1996.
Papyrus - typeface - was created in 1983.
Impact - typeface - was created in 1965.
Georgia - typeface - was created in 1993.
Anatomy of a Typeface was created in 1990.
Miller - typeface - was created in 1997.
Microgramma - typeface - was created in 1952.
Auriol - typeface - was created in 1901.
Plantin - typeface - was created in 1913.
Bastard - typeface - was created in 1990.