The King of England, who at that time was Edward the Confessor.
In the play Macbeth, Malcolm portrays himself as a potential sinful tyrant in order to to test Macbeth. Malcolm wanted to see just how loyal Macbeth would be.
Malcolm initially mistrusts Macduff because of his close association with Macbeth. However, he later recognizes Macduff's loyalty and bravery, and comes to see him as a valuable ally in the fight against Macbeth.
Malcolm asks Macduff about his family to test his loyalty and see if Macduff is truly trustworthy. He pretends to be a tyrant like Macbeth to see if Macduff would still support him.
Malcolm was trying to test Macbeth's loyalty by pretending to list his own supposed vices. He did this to see if Macbeth would react in a way that would show his true nature and intentions.
Two coronations are referred to in the play: that of Macbeth, and that of Malcolm. Neither of them really inherits the throne, because the law of that time held that the king was elected (see "Then 'tis most likely the election will fall on Macbeth")
Malcolm tells this to Macduff as a test to see if he, Macduff, is really loyal to Scotland or if he is there by request of Macbeth to retrieve Malcolm so Macbeth could kill him. This takes place when Macduff if trying to reclaim the crown of Scotland from Macbeth by force and put the rightful heir into throne. Before Macduff, many others had come to try and bring Malcolm back (or it is implied at least), so that is why Malcolm does not trust Macduff so he, like i said, tested him and his loyalty to Scotland
suspects Macduff may be trying to deceive him, as he has already been betrayed by those close to him. Malcolm tests Macduff's intentions by pretending to be worse than Macbeth, to see if Macduff is truly loyal to Scotland. Once satisfied of Macduff's loyalty, Malcolm reveals his true self and the two join forces to overthrow Macbeth.
Macduff goes to see Malcolm in order to persuade him to lead an army against Macbeth. Macduff seeks Malcolm's help as he views him as a legitimate heir to the throne and believes that together they can overthrow Macbeth's tyrannical rule.
Malcolm tells Macduff that if he had complete power, he would be even more tyrannical and corrupt than Macbeth, making him an unfit ruler. This is part of Malcolm's test to see if Macduff is truly loyal to Scotland and not just seeking power for himself.
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He was testing Macduff to see if he genuinely had the interest of Scotland at heart. When Malcolm says "He hath not touched you yet" (IV, iii, 14) it means that he suspects Macduff is in league with Macbeth to take him prisoner and kill him. Malcolm then makes up all his vices to make sure that Macduff wants a good king and not just Malcolm. When Macduff responds that with his vices, Malcolm would make a terrible kind, Malcolm responds that he made the vices up and he knows that Macduff has Scotland's best interests at heart.
Malcolm pretends to have all those vices to test Macduff's loyalty to Scotland and assess his true intentions. By accusing himself of vices, Malcolm is probing Macduff's loyalty to see if he is trustworthy and truly willing to fight for Scotland against Macbeth.