Who made up the Divine Right of Kings?

Answer 1

The Divine Rights of Kings was basically used before the Glorious Revolution. It allowed kings to be above the law; anything they say, goes. But when the Glorious Revolution came along in 1689, Parliament took power away from the king and they were no longer "above the law." They were expected to obey the law just as everyone else.

Answer 2

The divine right of kings is a politicalPoliticsPolitics is a process by which groups of people make decisions. The term is generally applied to behavior within civil governments, but politics has been observed in all human group interactions, including corporate, academic and religious institutions...

and religiousReligionA religion is a system of human thought which usually includes a set of narratives, symbols, beliefs and practices that give meaning to the practitioner's experiences of life through reference to a higher power, deity or deities, or ultimate truth...

doctrine of royal absolutismAbsolutism (European history)Absolutism or The Age of Absolutism is a historiographical term used to describe a form of monarchical power that is unrestrained by any other institutions, such as churches, legislatures, or social elites...

. It asserts that a monarchMonarchA monarch is the person who heads a monarchy, a form of government in which the country or entity usually ruled or controlled by an individual who usually rules for life or until abdication...

is subject to no earthly authority, deriving his right to rule directly from the will of GodGodGod is a deity in theistic and deistic religions and other belief systems, representing either the sole deity in monotheism, or a principal deity in polytheism....

. The king is thus not subject to the will of his people, the aristocracyAristocracyAristocracy is a form of government, in which a few of the most prominent citizens rule. This may be a hereditary elite, or it may be by a system of cooption where a council of prominent citizens add leading soldiers, merchants, land owners, priests, and lawyers to their number...

, or any other estate of the realm, including the church. The doctrine implies that any attempt to depose the king or to restrict his powers runs contrary to the will of God and may constitute heresyHeresyHeresy is proposing some unorthodox change to an established system of belief, especially a religion, that conflicts with the previously established opinion of scholars of that belief such as canon. It is sometimes confused with apostasy which is disaffiliation from orthodoxy and blasphemy which is...

.

The remoter origins of the theory are rooted in the medieval idea that God had bestowed earthly power to the king, just as God had given spiritual power and authority to the church, centering on the pope. The immediate author of the theory was Jean BodinJean BodinJean Bodin was born in Angers, France, and became a French jurist and political philosopher, member of the Parlement of Paris and professor of law in Toulouse...

, who based it on the interpretation of Roman lawRoman lawThe term Roman law denotes the legal system of ancient Rome, and the legal developments which occurred before the seventh century AD - when the Roman-Byzantine state adopted Greek as the official lingua franca. The development of Roman law comprises more than a thousand years of jurisprudence -...

. With the rise of nation-states and the Protestant ReformationProtestant ReformationThe Protestant Reformation was a Christian reform movement in Europe which is generally deemed to have begun with Martin Luther's Ninety-Five Theses in 1517 although a number of precursors such as Jan Hus predate that event...

, the theory of divine right justified the king's absolute authority in both political and spiritual matters. The theory came to the fore in England under the reign of King James I of EnglandJames I of EnglandJames VI & I was King of Scots as James VI from 1567 to 1625, and King of England and Ireland as James I from 1603 to 1625....

(1603-25, having been King James VI of ScotlandScotlandScotland is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. Occupying the northern third of the island of Great Britain, it shares a border with England to the south and is bounded by the North Sea to the east, the Atlantic Ocean to the north and west, and the North Channel and Irish Sea to the...

from 1567). King Louis XIV of France (1643-1715), though Catholic, strongly promoted the theory as well.

The theory of divine right was abandoned in England during the Glorious RevolutionGlorious RevolutionThe Glorious Revolution, also called the Revolution of 1688, was the overthrow of King James II of England in 1688 by a union of Parliamentarians with an invading army led by the Dutch stadtholder William III of Orange-Nassau who, as a result, ascended the English throne as William III of England...

of 1688-89. The American and French revolutions of the late eighteenth century further weakened the theory's appeal, and by the early twentieth century, it had been virtually abandoned.

Answer 3

The concept that monarchs rule by divine right was first challenged by the French Revolution. If I had to name a specific revolutionary as the first to do so, I believe it was Robespierre.

Answer 4

The Petition of Right

Answer 5

the petition of right

Answer 6

john Locke

Answer 7

Democracy-