Ivan Pavlov, John B. Watson, and Robert Rescorla.
Ivan Pavlov, a Russian physiologist, was the first one who demonstrated and described classical conditioning.
Ivan Pavlov, John B. Watson and B.F. Skinner to name a few.
Ivan Pavlov
Probably because it was the first kind of conditioning to be demonstrated and studied. See Pavlov As eluded to above, classical conditioning is called such because it was the first kind of conditioning to be studied and demonstrated. However, the term "classical" also is used to differentiate this type of conditioning from "Operant Conditioning" which was first demonstrated by B.F. Skinner.
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I think... With classical conditioning, the conditional stimulus is presented before the unconditional stimulus to form a conditioned response. For example, training a dog to return when a whistle is blown. With operant conditioning, reinforcement is presented after the response. For example, rewards (positive reinforcement) are given for good behaviour. Punishment (negative reinforcement) for bad. Hope this helps... Classical conditioning was discovered accidentally by Pavlov.
I should hope that you don't attempt classical conditioning with a salesclerk. Operant conditioning may be appropriate, but if you're planning to do surgery on the salesclerk to measure saliva flow or acidity of the stomach, you will probably run into some obstacles.
The disadvantages of classical conditioning: 1. It is a completely physical process, learning is not important here. 2. It is a temporary learning process. 3. All classically conditioned responses must involve a reflex 4. Therefore, what can be learned is limited 5. So, how do animals and humans learns things that are not associated with reflexes? CW: I disagree with#1 -- it's learning. I disagree with #2, it's as permanent as other learning. I agree with#3 -- classical conditioning involves an innate process. I agree with #4, but that is not limited to Classical Conditioning. #5: Instrumental conditioning is one way, and higher-order associative learning works. The main disadvantage is that you use existing reflexes (Primary Classical Conditioning). Therefore, it would be difficult to teach a rat to detect explosive vapors using classical conditioning.
Skinner
Explain Classical Conditioning Theory?
Probably because it was the first kind of conditioning to be demonstrated and studied. See Pavlov As eluded to above, classical conditioning is called such because it was the first kind of conditioning to be studied and demonstrated. However, the term "classical" also is used to differentiate this type of conditioning from "Operant Conditioning" which was first demonstrated by B.F. Skinner.
Joseph Wolpe's proposed theory based on classical conditioning explain's the classical conditioning theory is linked with phobias.
Joseph Wolpe's proposed theory based on classical conditioning explain's the classical conditioning theory is linked with phobias.
Also kwnas Classical conditioning.
No. Ivan Pavlov gets the credit for Classical Conditioning.
classical conditioning is likely to arise in the counsellng situation because the client's behaviour may be trigered by anticedent conditioning or the enviroments.
In classical conditioning, how are the neutral stimulus and the CS related?
Classical Conditioning?
In classical conditioning, the conditioned stimulus will trigger the conditioned response. It is also referred to as respondent conditioning.
classical conditioning.