someone from whom you are a descendant is called ancestor. Example: my ancestors built this country.
We call this person or persons an ancestor. My grandfather Henry is my ancestor.
That person would be one of your ancestors.
Arete is a descendant of Poseidon, who, making love to Periboea, begot Nausithous, who in turn had two sons, Rhexenor and Alcinous. Rhexenor later spawned Arete with Apollo.
A good friend is someone whom you really enjoy being with and whom you really know well.A friend is someone to talk to about problems and someone whom you can see out side of school.
Development of descendent proceeds farther than that of the ancestor so that earlier stages of the descendent resemble ancestral adults.
Width
Yes, those are pronouns; 'someone' and 'another' are indefinite pronouns; 'whom' is an interrogative pronoun, the objective form of 'who'.
The sun
The direct descendents of a person are that person's children, grandchildren, great-grandchildren, etc. The direct descendents can trace their ancestry directly back to the person. For example, you are your great-great-grandmother's direct descendent, but you are not the direct descendent of your great-great-grandmother's sister.
The three toed sloth
Allegedly he was a distant descendent.
The Umayyads
Scion, heir, child, progeny.