What is a political party chief?

Answer 1

A political party leader is someone who spearheads the campaign to win votes, and if their party wins, will become Prime Minister, or President etc..

Answer 2

A political party is a political organization that seeks to attain political power within a goverA '''political party''' is a [[political organization]] that seeks to attain [[politics|political]] power within a [[government]], usually by participating in electoral campaigns. Parties often espouse a certain [[ideology]] and vision, but may also represent a coalition among disparate interests.

In countries that have a [[parliament]], political parties that have seats in parliament form a [[parliamentary party]] that consists of all their [[members of parliament]]. In [[parliamentary system]]s of government most political parties will also have an elected leader who, if the party is elected by absolute majority, or with a relative majority within the coalition where tradition is thus, becomes [[head of government]]. In [[presidential system]]s, the president may be elected as a representative of the party; however, in many nations the president is forced to relinquish connections with the party upon the assumption of office as head of state. In certain electoral situations a [[coalition government]] may be formed from members of more than one party. This is more common after [[elections]] using [[proportional representation]] rather than a "[[Plurality electoral system|first past the post]]" system.

In a [[nonpartisan system]], no official political parties exist, or the law does not permit political parties. In nonpartisan elections, each candidate is eligible for office on her or his own merits. In nonpartisan legislatures, there are no typically formal party alignments within the legislature. The administration of [[George Washington]] and the first few sessions of the [[US Congress]] were nonpartisan. The [[unicameral]] [[Nebraska Legislature|legislature]] of [[Nebraska]] is the only state government body that is nonpartisan in the United States today. Many city and county governments are nonpartisan. Nonpartisan elections and modes of governance also exist outside of state institutions, an important model of which is found in the practice of [[Baha'i administration]].Abizadeh 2005. Unless there are legal prohibitions against political parties, factions within nonpartisan systems often evolve into political parties.

In [[single-party system]]s, only one political party is legally allowed to hold effective power. Although minor parties may sometimes be allowed, they are legally required to accept the leadership of the dominant party. This party may not always be identical to the government, although sometimes positions within the party may in fact be more important than positions within the government. [[Communist state]]s such as [[China]] are some of the examples.

In [[dominant-party system]]s, opposition parties are allowed, and there may be even a deeply established democratic tradition, but other parties are widely considered to have no real chance of gaining power. Sometimes, political, social and economic circumstances, and public opinion are the reason for others parties' failure. Sometimes, typically in countries with less of an established democratic tradition, it is possible the dominant party will remain in power by using [[patronage]] and sometimes by [[voting fraud]]. In the latter case, the definition between Dominant and single-party system becomes rather blurred. Examples of dominant party systems include the [[People's Action Party]] in [[Singapore]] and the [[African National Congress]] in [[South Africa]]. Also, one party dominant systems existed in [[Mexico]] with the [[Institutional Revolutionary Party]] until the 1990s, and in the southern [[United States]] with the [[United States Democratic Party|Democratic Party]] from the [[19th century|1880s]] until the [[1970s]].

[[Two-party system]]s are states such as the [[United States]] and [[Jamaica]] in which there are two political parties dominant to such an extent that electoral success under the banner of any other party is extremely difficult. One [[right wing]] coalition party and one [[Left-wing politics|left wing]] coalition party is the most common ideological breakdown in such a system but in two-party states political parties are traditionally [[Big tent|catch all parties]] which are ideologically broad and inclusive. A majority voting election system usually leads to a two-party system. This relationship between the voting system used and the two-party system was described by [[Maurice Duverger]] and is known as [[Duverger's Law]].Duverger 1954.

In nations such as [[Canada]] and the [[United Kingdom]], there may be two strong parties, with a third party that is electorally successful. The party may frequently come in second place in elections and pose a threat to the other two parties, but has still never formally held government. However in times of [[minority government]]s, their support is often necessary to either support or defeat a government which means it can have considerable influence under optimal circumstances.

In some rare cases, such as in [[Finland]], the nation may have an active three-party system, in which all three parties routinely hold top office. It is very rare for a country to have more than three parties who are all equally successful, and all have an equal chance of independently forming government.

More commonly, in cases where there are numerous parties, no one party often has a chance of gaining power, and parties must work with each other to form [[coalition government]]s. This has been an emerging trend in the politics of the [[Republic of Ireland]] and is almost always the case in [[Germany]] on national and state level (and often common on communal level, too).

In general, in countries that use [[proportional representation]], a multi-party system is likely.

Political parties are funded by contributions from their membership and by individuals and organizations which share their political ideas or who stand to benefit from their activities. Political parties and [[factions]], especially those in government, are [[lobbying|lobbied]] vigorously by organizations, businesses and special interest groups such as [[trades unions]]. Money and gifts to a party, or its members, may be offered as incentives. In the United Kingdom, it has been alleged that [[peerages]] have been awarded to contributors to party funds, the benefactors becoming members of the [[House of Lords|Upper House of Parliament]] and thus being in a position to participate in the legislative process. Famously, [[Lloyd George]] was found to have been selling peerages and to prevent such corruption in future, Parliament passed the [[Honours (Prevention of Abuses) Act 1925]] into law. Thus the outright sale of peerages and similar honours became a [[criminal act]], however some benefactors are alleged to have attempted to circumvent this by cloaking their contributions as loans, giving rise to the '[[Cash for Peerages]]' scandal. Such activities have given rise to demands that the scale of donations should be capped. As the costs of electioneering escalate, so the demands made on party funds increases. In the UK some politicians are advocating that parties should be funded by the [[State]]; a proposition that promises to give rise to interesting debate. Along with the increased scrutiny of donations there has been a long term contraction in party memberships in a number of western democracies which itself places more strains on funding. For example in the United Kingdom and Australia membership of the two main parties in [[2006]] is less than an 1/8 of what it was in 1950, despite significant increases in population over that period. In Ireland, elected representatives of the [[Sinn Féin]] party take only the average industrial wage from their salary as a representative, while the rest goes into the party budget. Other incomes they may have are not taken into account. Elected representatives of the [[Socialist Party (Ireland)]] take only the average industrial wage out of their entire earnings.

Some nations, such as [[Australia]], give political parties public funding for advertising purposes during election periods.

Generally speaking, over the world, political parties associate themselves with colors, primarily for identification, especially for voter recognition during [[elections]]. [[Red]] usually signifies [[Left (political attitude)|leftist]], [[communist]] or [[socialist]] parties. [[Conservatism|Conservative]] parties generally use [[blue]] or [[black]]. Recently in the [[United States]], this trend has been reversed, with red being associated with the conservative [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican Party]] and blue with the liberal [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic Party]].

[[Pink]] sometimes signifies moderate [[socialist]]. [[Yellow]] is often used for [[liberalism]]. [[Green]] is the color for [[green parties]], [[Islamist]] parties and [[Irish nationalist]] and [[Irish republican|republican]] parties in Northern Ireland. [[Orange (colour)|Orange]] is sometimes a color of nationalism, such as in [[The Netherlands]] or with [[Ulster Loyalism|Ulster Loyalists]] in [[Northern Ireland]]; it is also a color of reform such as in [[Ukraine]]. In the past, [[Purple]] was considered the color of [[royal family|royalty]] (like white), but today it is sometimes used for feminist parties. "Purple Party" is also used as an academic hypothetical of an undefined party, as a centralist party in the United States (because purple is created from mixing the main parties' colours of red and blue) and as a highly idealistic "peace and love" party[http://www.purpleparty.com]-- in a similar vein to a Green Party, perhaps. [[Black]] is generally associated with [[fascism|fascist]] parties, going back to [[Mussolini]]'s blackshirts, but also with [[Anarchism]]. Similarly, [[brown]] is often associated with the [[Nazism]] going back to the [[Nazi Party]]'s [[brownshirt]] security guards.

Color associations are useful for mnemonics when [[vote]]r [[literacy|illiteracy]] is significant. Another case where they are used is when it is not desirable to make rigorous links to parties, particularly when [[coalition]]s and [[wiktionary:alliance|alliance]]s are formed between political parties and other organizations, for example: [[Red Tory]], "Purple" (Red-Blue) alliances, [[Red-green alliance]]s, [[Blue-green alliance]]s, [[Pan-green coalition]]s, and [[Pan-blue coalition]]s.

The [[emblem]] of socialist parties is often a red [[rose]] held in a fist. Communist parties often use a [[hammer]], a [[sickle]], or [[Hammer and sickle|both]]. [[Symbols]] can be very important when the [[electorate]] is overall illiterate. In the [[Kenyan constitutional referendum, 2005]], supporters of the constitution used the [[banana]] as their symbol, while the "no" used an [[orange (fruit)|orange]].

During the [[19th century|19th]] and [[20th century]], many national political parties organized themselves into international organizations along similar policy lines. Notable examples are the [[International Workingmen's Association]] (also called the First International), the [[Socialist International]] (also called the Second International), the [[Communist International]] (also called the Third International), and the [[Fourth International]], as organizations of [[working class party|working class parties]], or the [[Liberal International]] (yellow), and the [[International Democrat Union]] (blue). [[Worldwide green parties]] have recently established the [[Global Greens]]. The Socialist International, the Liberal International, and the [[International Democrat Union]] are all based in [[London]].

Answer 3

Term for the President as the leader of his or her political party.

Answer 4

A political party leader is someone who spearheads the campaign to win votes, and if their party wins, will become Prime Minister, or President etc..

Answer 5

They speak for their political party (democrat and republican) and represent them.

Answer 6

Since you are asking this in the category "Adolf Hitler" I assume you mean the Nazi party. Adolf Hitler was leader of Germany AND of the Nazi party.

Answer 7

The president is the leader of the Republican Party.

Answer 8

majority leader