Not enought of a description to answer.
No, they are not.
Are you asking about double rifles,rook rifles or bolt action.
The precise number of Winchester Model 1894 rifles that were manufactured is unknown, however, the number is around 7.5 million. This rifle was designed by John Browning.
Rifles have been around since the middle of the 15th century. This likely places the number of different rifle designs into multiple thousands. More broadly, rifles can be muzzleloading or breechloading with single or multiple barrels. They can also be single-shot or repeaters. Repeating rifles can be manually operated, semi-automatic (autoloading), or fully automatic. Each of those categories can be further subdivided by action type.
There called C02 air rifles or PCP air rifles
No.
It is possible, yes.
Long Action, Short Action
Book of Bolt Action Rifles should help
You would have to explain your criteria a little better. There are several ways in which rifles can be categorised. They can be categorised by action, e.g., muzzleloader (which can be further broken down into matchlock, flintlock, percussion cap, etc), lever action, bolt action, self loading (semi or full auto), breech block, etc.
Gas or recoil operates the action.
Yes