If you are asking about the current monarch - Queen Elizabeth II, she succeeded her father King George VI on his death in 1952. She has now been on the throne for longer than any other British monarch except for Queen Victoria.
Queen Mary I of England (Mary Tudor) reigned as Queen of England for five years and approximately 4 months before her death. Elizabeth took the throne after Mary's death.
a queen
Queen Victoria
There has been no civil war in England whilst a queen has been on the English throne.
Queen Victoria.
Queen Elizabeth I
William IV
As of 2012, 60
King Charles 1st
Queen Elizabeth I was on the British throne.
Elizabeth the 1st was on the throne before King James the 1st
Yes, which is how England currently has Queen Elizabeth as their Queen. She was the eldest child of George VI, and thus first in line for the throne when he died.