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Persian infantry was unarmoured - they could not stand up to Macedonian and Greek armoured formations.

The Persians first tried hiring Greek armoured infantry, but after winning the battle of Granicus, Alexander had the captured Greek mercenaries massacred as a warning for Greeks thinking of hiring themselves out to Persia.

At the final battle of Gaugamela, the Persians had trained their own heavy infantry (Kardakes) but they were too raw and inexperienced to stand up to the seasoned phalanx of Alexander's army.

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Q: Why do you think Alexander the Great and his armies were so successful in their battles against the Persians?
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