Human beings have minds. The problem with psychology is that everyone thinks differently to each other; they all work differently. Psychology works on the fact that we all act similarly.
Theory X Y is theories that help managers to better understand the behaviors of the employees.
Theory X and Y are limited in that they are absolutes. As McGregor defines them, they are "the two ways" of viewing all workers. Perhaps in the 1950's when McGregor conducted his research, Theory X was the prevailing method of management and his idealistic (or humanistic) approach to management seemed reasonable to apply in contrast. However, seldom do we see that one person has exclusively Theory X or Theory Y belief systems. In many cases, managers find certain people (and certain roles) are more apt to be motivated in certain ways, and through trial and error, perhaps deduce that some "would be 'Theory X'" employees actually have the drive, motivation, and intelligence to be treated differently, and even thrive under those conditions. Source: http://www.project-management-course.info/theory-x-manager-eeek/
According to McGregor, there are the following two types of managers:• Theory X managers - These managers believe that most of the people are self-centered, are only motivated by their physiological and safety needs, and are indifferent to the needs of the organization they work for. They (usually the team) lack ambition and have very little creativity and problem-solving capacity. As a result, they dislike their work and will try to avoid it. They will also avoid taking responsibility and initiative. There is one word to describe Theory X managers: distrust. They distrust their employees. These managers, therefore, tend to be authoritarian.• Theory Y managers - As opposed to Theory X managers, Theory Y managers trust their employees. They believe that most of the people are high performers in a proper work environment. This is because most of the people are creative and committed to meeting the needs of the organization they work for. Theory Y managers also believe that most people like to take responsibility and initiative and are self-disciplined. Finally, they also believe that most people are motivated by all levels of needs in the Maslow's hierarchy of needs. These managers tend to provide more freedom and opportunity for career growth.Trivia:Given the same team and same work environment, a Theory Y Manager's team will perform better and deliver better quality work product than the team managed by the Theory X Manager. The reason is simple. People hate authority and in most cases rebel
Gauge the intrinsic motivation of your employees to determine whether McGregor's Theory X or Theory Y is more appropriate in your company. Theory X sets forth the premise that employees are inherently averse to working, and must be continually motivated by external sources. Theory Y sets forth the opposite premise, stating that employees are internally driven to succeed at projects that truly interest them. Put strict operational guidelines in place to guide front-line employees through their day-to-day routines if you feel Theory X is more appropriate in your company. Make sure employees understand that they are free to try new things and learn from their mistakes, while matching employees up with job tasks that truly interest them if you feel Theory Y is the way to go.
Theory X posits that people do not like to work and will avoid doing so if the opportunity presents itself. Because of this, most people need to be coerced into completing their required job duties and punished if they do not
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x= people are lazy and must be motivated and closely supervised Y= people want to do a good job, try to avoid doing things thad kill that motivation. A theory X manager with theory Y subordinates will soon beat the motivation out of them, thus proving to himself that he was right all along. A theory Y manager will eventually figure out that a theory X subordinate thinks all people are lazy because that subordinate is lazy himself. Thus, teams are best structured with all X of all Y types. The Y teams will consistently outperform the X teams.
Aston is definitley 'hot and fit' x
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Theory X assumes that most people prefer to be directed; are not interested in assuming responsibility; and are motivated by money, fringe benefits, and the threat of punishment.
Centralization:decentralization::theory X:Theory Not-X
This picture looks like a 10 x 35 foot area. The number of people who can fit into the area will depend upon the size of the people.
Theory X Y is theories that help managers to better understand the behaviors of the employees.
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