The answer is two cells. Alveolus is having single flat cell wall and the capillary having the single flat cell wall.
You have blood and air, very close to each other in alveolus of the lungs. They are separated by single flat epithelium of the capillary on one hand and single flat epithelium of the alveolus on another hand. Interestingly, the surface area of this transfer is about 1000 square feet.
The adjective for alveolus (singular) or alveoli (plural) is alveolar.
Glomerulus
a dermatologist.
mammary alveolus
Alveolar macrophage cells work to clear particles from the alveolus by phagocytosis. If this process is overcome by continued build up of particles then the alveolus becomes damaged. Once an alveolus is blocked there isn't much you can do.
One alveolus is a singular, tiny air sac of the lung, surrounded by a network of capillaries, and through which oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged. A cluster of such air sacs are alveoli (plural of alveolus).
the airbags in the lungs are for transferring oxygen into the capilliaries
peritubular capilliaries
There are two things. One is that the cell of alveolus is flat and thin walled. That makes the transfer of the gases easier. secondly the number of alveoli is very high. That increase the surface area to the great extent. The total surface area of the alveoli is about 1100 square feet.
Capillaries do not have valves. Veins are the blood vessels with valves.