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Every element is positioned in sequence by atomic number, but they do fall into certain groups as a result. Iron is what is known as a transition state element. The transition state is defined by one characteristic, which is that there are incomplete inner electron shells. In all other elements, each shell is filled before electrons appear in the next shell farther out, but in transition state elements, it turns out that some inner shell orbitals actually have a higher energy level than orbitals in the next shell, so they do not get filled in the normal sequence. This produces certain consequences in terms of the chemical activity of the elements in question. Their chemistry becomes a bit more complicated.

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