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There were a great many free blacks living in the south prior to the Civil War. Most free blacks in American lived in the south. In the 1860 census there were 30 million people in the US. Nine million were in the south, including three million slaves, and another half million free blacks. John Hope Franklin, the eminent black historian, has made the free black population of the south a subject of his excellent writing.

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Q: Why were there few free blacks living in the South prior to the Civil War?
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