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Ban slavery in any territory acquired from Mexico in the Mexican War or in the future, and possibly disputed lands in south Texas and New Mexico.
David Wilmot submitted an amendment to a bill in the House of Representatives in 1846. The Wilmot Proviso would have outlawed slavery only in the territories gained in the war with Mexico. It passed, but the Senate adjourned without voting on it. He tried again in 1847 and again it passed, but the Senate then passed their own version of the bill without the amendment. It never became law.
Abraham Lincoln was President during the Civil War.
The American Civil War began in 1861 and ended in 1865.
Cotton.