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Q: What criticism did the American society did Elihu Burrit have?
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How many siblings did Samuel Adams?

Second President of the United States, John Adams, was the eldest of three sons, his brothers being named Peter and Elihu.


What did the Teller Amendment say?

Senator Henry M. Teller of Colorado proposed the amendment to ensure that the United States would not establish permanent control over Cuba following the cessation of hostilities with Spain. The McKinley administration would not recognize belligerency or independence as it was unsure of the form an insurgency government might take. Without recognizing some government in Cuba, Congressmen feared McKinley was simply priming the island for annexation. The Teller clause quelled any anxiety of annexation by stating that the United States"... hereby disclaims any disposition of intention to exercise sovereignty, jurisdiction, or control over said island except for pacification thereof, and asserts its determination, when that is accomplished, to leave the government and control of the island to its people."[3] The Senate passed the amendment, 42 to 35, on April 19, 1898, and the House concurred the same day, 311 to 6. President McKinley signed the joint resolution on April 20, 1898, and the ultimatum was forwarded to Spain. The Spanish-American War lasted from April 25 to August 12, 1898, and it ended with the Treaty of Paris on December 10, 1898. As a result, Spain lost control over the remains of its overseas empire consisting of Cuba, Puerto Rico, the Philippine islands, Guam and other islands. After Spanish troops left the island in December 1898, the United States occupied Cuba until 1902, and as promised in the Teller Amendment did not attempt to annex the island. However, under the Platt Amendment, crafted in 1901 by U.S. Secretary of War Elihu Root to replace the Teller Amendment, important decisions of the government of Cuba remained subject to override by the United States. This suzerainty bred resentment toward the U.S. According to Gregory Weeks, author of US and Latin American Relations (Peason, 2008, p. 56), "The Teller Amendment, authored by a Colorado Senator who wanted to make sure that Cuba's sugar would not compete with his state's crop of beet sugar, prohibited the president from annexing Cuba."


Did John Tyler have any siblings?

Children: Mary Tyler (1815-48); Robert Tyler (1816-77); John Tyler (1819-96); Letitia Tyler (1821-1907); Elizabeth Tyler (1823-50); Anne Contesse Tyler (1825); Alice Tyler (1827-54); Tazewell Tyler (1830-74); David Gardiner Tyler (1846-1927); John Alexander Tyler (1848-83); Julia Gardiner Tyler (1849-71); Lachlan Tyler (1851-1902); Lyon Gardiner Tyler (1853-1935); Robert Fitzwalter Tyler (1856-1927); Pearl Tyler (1860-1947)they are also debating if John Dejee was also John Tyler's sonJohn Tyler married 2, with his first wife, they had 8 children and with his 2 wife, they had 7 children but if John Dejee is his son, then he had him with another woman that he did not marry.


Who ran in the election of 1916?

President Woodrow Wilson (Democrat) was re-elected as President in the 1916 election, defeating Supreme Court Justice Charles Evans Hughes (Republican)Wilson won the popular vote 49.2% to 46.1 % and the electoral vote 277 to 254.


American secretary of state LIST?

Secretaries of State, 1789-2005Creation of this Position Name: Thomas JeffersonState of Residency: VirginiaNon-career appointeeAppointment: Sep 26, 1789Entry on Duty: Mar 22, 1790Termination of Appointment: Dec 31, 1793Name: Edmund RandolphState of Residency: VirginiaNon-career appointeeAppointment: Jan 2, 1794Entry on Duty: Jan 2, 1794Termination of Appointment: Aug 20, 1795Name: Timothy PickeringState of Residency: PennsylvaniaNon-career appointeeAppointment: Dec 10, 1795Entry on Duty: Dec 10, 1795Termination of Appointment: May 12, 1800Name: John MarshallState of Residency: VirginiaNon-career appointeeAppointment: May 13, 1800Entry on Duty: Jun 6, 1800Termination of Appointment: Feb 4, 1801Name: James MadisonState of Residency: VirginiaNon-career appointeeAppointment: Mar 5, 1801Entry on Duty: May 2, 1801Termination of Appointment: Mar 3, 1809Name: Robert SmithState of Residency: MarylandNon-career appointeeAppointment: Mar 6, 1809Entry on Duty: Mar 6, 1809Termination of Appointment: Apr 1, 1811Name: James MonroeState of Residency: VirginiaNon-career appointeeAppointment: Apr 2, 1811Entry on Duty: Apr 6, 1811Termination of Appointment: Sep 30, 1814Note: Commissioned during a recess of the Senate; recommissioned after confirmation on Nov 26, 1811.Name: James MonroeState of Residency: VirginiaNon-career appointeeAppointment: Feb 28, 1815Entry on Duty: Feb 28, 1815Termination of Appointment: Mar 3, 1817Name: John Quincy AdamsState of Residency: MassachusettsNon-career appointeeAppointment: Mar 5, 1817Entry on Duty: Sep 22, 1817Termination of Appointment: Mar 3, 1825Name: Henry ClayState of Residency: KentuckyNon-career appointeeAppointment: Mar 7, 1825Entry on Duty: Mar 7, 1825Termination of Appointment: Mar 3, 1829Name: Martin Van BurenState of Residency: New YorkNon-career appointeeAppointment: Mar 6, 1829Entry on Duty: Mar 28, 1829Termination of Appointment: Mar 23, 1831Name: Edward LivingstonState of Residency: LouisianaNon-career appointeeAppointment: May 24, 1831Entry on Duty: May 24, 1831Termination of Appointment: May 29, 1833Note: Commissioned during a recess of the Senate; recommissioned after confirmation on Jan 12, 1832.Name: Louis McLaneState of Residency: DelawareNon-career appointeeAppointment: May 29, 1833Entry on Duty: May 29, 1833Termination of Appointment: Jun 30, 1834Note: Commissioned during a recess of the Senate.Name: John ForsythState of Residency: GeorgiaNon-career appointeeAppointment: Jun 27, 1834Entry on Duty: Jul 1, 1834Termination of Appointment: Mar 3, 1841Name: Daniel WebsterState of Residency: MassachusettsNon-career appointeeAppointment: Mar 5, 1841Entry on Duty: Mar 6, 1841Termination of Appointment: May 8, 1843Name: Abel P. UpshurState of Residency: VirginiaNon-career appointeeAppointment: Jul 24, 1843Entry on Duty: Jul 24, 1843Termination of Appointment: Feb 28, 1844Note: Commissioned during a recess of the Senate; recommissioned after confirmation on Jan 2, 1844.Name: John C. CalhounState of Residency: South CarolinaNon-career appointeeAppointment: Mar 6, 1844Entry on Duty: Apr 1, 1844Termination of Appointment: Mar 10, 1845Name: James BuchananState of Residency: PennsylvaniaNon-career appointeeAppointment: Mar 6, 1845Entry on Duty: Mar 10, 1845Termination of Appointment: Mar 7, 1849Name: John M. ClaytonState of Residency: DelawareNon-career appointeeAppointment: Mar 7, 1849Entry on Duty: Mar 8, 1849Termination of Appointment: Jul 22, 1850Name: Daniel WebsterState of Residency: MassachusettsNon-career appointeeAppointment: Jul 22, 1850Entry on Duty: Jul 23, 1850Termination of Appointment: Oct 24, 1852Name: Edward EverettState of Residency: MassachusettsNon-career appointeeAppointment: Nov 6, 1852Entry on Duty: Nov 6, 1852Termination of Appointment: Mar 3, 1853Note: Commissioned during a recess of the Senate; recommissioned after confirmation on Dec 9, 1852.Name: William L. MarcyState of Residency: New YorkNon-career appointeeAppointment: Mar 7, 1853Entry on Duty: Mar 8, 1853Termination of Appointment: Mar 6, 1857Name: Lewis CassState of Residency: MichiganNon-career appointeeAppointment: Mar 6, 1857Entry on Duty: Mar 6, 1857Termination of Appointment: Dec 14, 1860Name: Jeremiah S. BlackState of Residency: PennsylvaniaNon-career appointeeAppointment: Dec 17, 1860Entry on Duty: Dec 17, 1860Termination of Appointment: Mar 5, 1861Name: William H. SewardState of Residency: New YorkNon-career appointeeAppointment: Mar 5, 1861Entry on Duty: Mar 6, 1861Termination of Appointment: Mar 4, 1869Name: Elihu B. WashburneState of Residency: IllinoisNon-career appointeeAppointment: Mar 5, 1869Entry on Duty: Mar 5, 1869Termination of Appointment: Mar 16, 1869Name: Hamilton FishState of Residency: New YorkNon-career appointeeAppointment: Mar 11, 1869 /7/Entry on Duty: Mar 17, 1869Termination of Appointment: Mar 12, 1877Name: William M. EvartsState of Residency: New YorkNon-career appointeeAppointment: Mar 12, 1877Entry on Duty: Mar 12, 1877Termination of Appointment: Mar 7, 1881Name: James G. BlaineState of Residency: MaineNon-career appointeeAppointment: Mar 5, 1881Entry on Duty: Mar 7, 1881Termination of Appointment: Dec 19, 1881Name: Frederick T. FrelinghuysenState of Residency: New JerseyNon-career appointeeAppointment: Feb 12, 1881Entry on Duty: Dec 19, 1881Termination of Appointment: Mar 6, 1885Name: Thomas F. BayardState of Residency: DelawareNon-career appointeeAppointment: Mar 6, 1885Entry on Duty: Mar 7, 1885Termination of Appointment: Mar 6, 1889Name: James G. BlaineState of Residency: MaineNon-career appointeeAppointment: Mar 5, 1889Entry on Duty: Mar 7, 1889Termination of Appointment: Jun 4, 1892Name: John W. FosterState of Residency: IndianaNon-career appointeeAppointment: Jun 29, 1892Entry on Duty: Jun 29, 1892Termination of Appointment: Feb 23, 1893Name: Walter Q. GreshamState of Residency: IllinoisNon-career appointeeAppointment: Mar 6, 1893Entry on Duty: Mar 7, 1893Termination of Appointment: May 28, 1895Name: Richard OlneyState of Residency: MassachusettsNon-career appointeeAppointment: Jun 8, 1895Entry on Duty: Jun 10, 1895Termination of Appointment: Mar 5, 1897Note: Commissioned during a recess of the Senate; recommissioned after confirmation on Dec 3, 1895.Name: John ShermanState of Residency: OhioNon-career appointeeAppointment: Mar 5, 1897Entry on Duty: Mar 6, 1897Termination of Appointment: Apr 27, 1898Name: William R. DayState of Residency: OhioNon-career appointeeAppointment: Apr 26, 1898Entry on Duty: Apr 28, 1898Termination of Appointment: Sep 16, 1898Name: John HayState of Residency: District of ColumbiaNon-career appointeeAppointment: Sep 20, 1898Entry on Duty: Sep 30, 1898Termination of Appointment: Jul 1, 1905Note: Commissioned during a recess of the Senate; recommissioned afterconfirmation on Dec 7, 1898. Reappointed Mar 5, 1901.Name: Elihu RootState of Residency: New YorkNon-career appointeeAppointment: Jul 7, 1905Entry on Duty: Jul 19, 1905Termination of Appointment: Jan 27, 1909Note: Commissioned during a recess of the Senate; recommissioned afterconfirmation on Dec 6, 1905.Name: Robert BaconState of Residency: New YorkNon-career appointeeAppointment: Jan 27, 1909Entry on Duty: Jan 27, 1909Termination of Appointment: Mar 5, 1909Name: Philander C. KnoxState of Residency: PennsylvaniaNon-career appointeeAppointment: Mar 5, 1909Entry on Duty: Mar 6, 1909Termination of Appointment: Mar 5, 1913Name: William Jennings BryanState of Residency: NebraskaNon-career appointeeAppointment: Mar 5, 1913Entry on Duty: Mar 5, 1913Termination of Appointment: Jun 9, 1915Name: Robert LansingState of Residency: New YorkNon-career appointeeAppointment: Jun 23, 1915Entry on Duty: Jun 24, 1915Termination of Appointment: Feb 13, 1920Note: Commissioned during a recess of the Senate; recommissioned after confirmation on Dec 13, 1915.Name: Bainbridge ColbyState of Residency: New YorkNon-career appointeeAppointment: Mar 22, 1920Entry on Duty: Mar 23, 1920Termination of Appointment: Mar 4, 1921Name: Charles Evans HughesState of Residency: New YorkNon-career appointeeAppointment: Mar 4, 1921Entry on Duty: Mar 5, 1921Termination of Appointment: Mar 4, 1925Name: Frank B. KelloggState of Residency: MinnesotaNon-career appointeeAppointment: Feb 16, 1925Entry on Duty: Mar 5, 1925Termination of Appointment: Mar 28, 1929Name: Henry Lewis StimsonState of Residency: New YorkNon-career appointeeAppointment: Mar 5, 1929Entry on Duty: Mar 28, 1929Termination of Appointment: Mar 4, 1933Name: Cordell HullState of Residency: TennesseeNon-career appointeeAppointment: Mar 4, 1933Entry on Duty: Mar 4, 1933Termination of Appointment: Nov 30, 1944Name: Edward R. Stettinius, Jr.State of Residency: VirginiaNon-career appointeeAppointment: Nov 30, 1944Entry on Duty: Dec 1, 1944Termination of Appointment: Jun 27, 1945Name: James F. ByrnesState of Residency: South CarolinaNon-career appointeeAppointment: Jul 2, 1945Entry on Duty: Jul 3, 1945Termination of Appointment: Jan 21, 1947Name: George C. MarshallState of Residency: PennsylvaniaNon-career appointeeAppointment: Jan 8, 1947Entry on Duty: Jan 21, 1947Termination of Appointment: Jan 20, 1949Name: Dean G. AchesonState of Residency: MarylandNon-career appointeeAppointment: Jan 19, 1949Entry on Duty: Jan 21, 1949Termination of Appointment: Jan 20, 1953Name: John Foster DullesState of Residency: New YorkNon-career appointeeAppointment: Jan 21, 1953Entry on Duty: Jan 21, 1953Termination of Appointment: Apr 22, 1959Name: Christian A. HerterState of Residency: MassachusettsNon-career appointeeAppointment: Apr 21, 1959Entry on Duty: Apr 22, 1959Termination of Appointment: Jan 20, 1961Name: Dean RuskState of Residency: New YorkNon-career appointeeAppointment: Jan 21, 1961Entry on Duty: Jan 21, 1961Termination of Appointment: Jan 20, 1969Name: William P. RogersState of Residency: MarylandNon-career appointeeAppointment: Jan 21, 1969Entry on Duty: Jan 22, 1969Termination of Appointment: Sep 3, 1973Name: Henry A. KissingerState of Residency: District of ColumbiaNon-career appointeeAppointment: Sep 21, 1973Entry on Duty: Sep 22, 1973Termination of Appointment: Jan 20, 1977Note: Served concurrently as Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs until Nov 3, 1975.Name: Cyrus VanceState of Residency: New YorkNon-career appointeeAppointment: Jan 21, 1977Entry on Duty: Jan 23, 1977Termination of Appointment: Apr 28, 1980Name: Edmund Sixtus MuskieState of Residency: MaineNon-career appointeeAppointment: May 8, 1980Entry on Duty: May 8, 1980Termination of Appointment: Jan 18, 1981Name: Alexander Meigs Haig, Jr.State of Residency: ConnecticutNon-career appointeeAppointment: Jan 22, 1981Entry on Duty: Jan 22, 1981Termination of Appointment: Jul 5, 1982Name: George P. ShultzState of Residency: CaliforniaNon-career appointeeAppointment: Jul 16, 1982Entry on Duty: Jul 16, 1982Termination of Appointment: Jan 20, 1989Name: James Addison Baker, IIIState of Residency: TexasNon-career appointeeAppointment: Jan 25, 1989Entry on Duty: Jan 25, 1989Termination of Appointment: Aug 23, 1992Name: Lawrence S. EagleburgerState of Residency: FloridaForeign Service officerAppointment: Dec 8, 1992Entry on Duty: Dec 8, 1992Termination of Appointment: Jan 19, 1993Note: Commissioned during a recess of the Senate. Served as Acting Secretary of State, Aug 23-Dec 8, 1992.Name: Warren M. ChristopherState of Residency: CaliforniaNon-career appointeeAppointment: Jan 20, 1993Entry on Duty: Jan 20, 1993Termination of Appointment: January 17, 1997Name: Madeleine Korbel AlbrightState of Residency: District of ColumbiaNon-career appointmentAppointment: January 17, 1997Entry on Duty: January 23, 1997Termination of Appointment: January 19, 2001 Name: Colin L. PowellState of Residency: VirginiaNon-career appointmentAppointment: January 20, 2001Entry on Duty: January 20, 2001Termination of Appointment: January 25, 2005 Name: Condoleezza RiceState of Residency: CaliforniaNon-career appointmentAppointment: January 25, 2005Entry on Duty: January 26, 2005Termination of Appointment: ---- Creation of Position: Congress created the position of Secretary of State on Jul 27, 1789 (1 Stat. 28), as the principal officer of the Department of Foreign Affairs (later renamed Department of State). The Secretary was to perform such duties as the President required, in accordance with the Constitution, relating to correspondence, commission, or instructions to U.S. ministers or consuls abroad, and to conduct negotiations with foreign representatives. The Secretary has also served as principal adviser to the President in the determination and execution of U.S. foreign policy and in recent decades has become responsible for overall direction, coordination, and supervision of interdepartmental activities of the U.S. Government overseas, except for certain military activities. The Act of Congress of Sep 5, 1789, that changed the name of the Department of Foreign Affairs assigned various domestic duties to the Department of State. Nearly all were later reassigned to other agencies. This list does not include individuals designated to act as Secretaries of State when the Secretaryship was vacant. These individuals are usually referred to collectively as Secretaries of State ad interim.Secretaries of State, 1789-2005Creation of this Position Name: Thomas JeffersonState of Residency: VirginiaNon-career appointeeAppointment: Sep 26, 1789Entry on Duty: Mar 22, 1790Termination of Appointment: Dec 31, 1793Name: Edmund RandolphState of Residency: VirginiaNon-career appointeeAppointment: Jan 2, 1794Entry on Duty: Jan 2, 1794Termination of Appointment: Aug 20, 1795Name: Timothy PickeringState of Residency: PennsylvaniaNon-career appointeeAppointment: Dec 10, 1795Entry on Duty: Dec 10, 1795Termination of Appointment: May 12, 1800Name: John MarshallState of Residency: VirginiaNon-career appointeeAppointment: May 13, 1800Entry on Duty: Jun 6, 1800Termination of Appointment: Feb 4, 1801Name: James MadisonState of Residency: VirginiaNon-career appointeeAppointment: Mar 5, 1801Entry on Duty: May 2, 1801Termination of Appointment: Mar 3, 1809Name: Robert SmithState of Residency: MarylandNon-career appointeeAppointment: Mar 6, 1809Entry on Duty: Mar 6, 1809Termination of Appointment: Apr 1, 1811Name: James MonroeState of Residency: VirginiaNon-career appointeeAppointment: Apr 2, 1811Entry on Duty: Apr 6, 1811Termination of Appointment: Sep 30, 1814Note: Commissioned during a recess of the Senate; recommissioned after confirmation on Nov 26, 1811.Name: James MonroeState of Residency: VirginiaNon-career appointeeAppointment: Feb 28, 1815Entry on Duty: Feb 28, 1815Termination of Appointment: Mar 3, 1817Name: John Quincy AdamsState of Residency: MassachusettsNon-career appointeeAppointment: Mar 5, 1817Entry on Duty: Sep 22, 1817Termination of Appointment: Mar 3, 1825Name: Henry ClayState of Residency: KentuckyNon-career appointeeAppointment: Mar 7, 1825Entry on Duty: Mar 7, 1825Termination of Appointment: Mar 3, 1829Name: Martin Van BurenState of Residency: New YorkNon-career appointeeAppointment: Mar 6, 1829Entry on Duty: Mar 28, 1829Termination of Appointment: Mar 23, 1831Name: Edward LivingstonState of Residency: LouisianaNon-career appointeeAppointment: May 24, 1831Entry on Duty: May 24, 1831Termination of Appointment: May 29, 1833Note: Commissioned during a recess of the Senate; recommissioned after confirmation on Jan 12, 1832.Name: Louis McLaneState of Residency: DelawareNon-career appointeeAppointment: May 29, 1833Entry on Duty: May 29, 1833Termination of Appointment: Jun 30, 1834Note: Commissioned during a recess of the Senate.Name: John ForsythState of Residency: GeorgiaNon-career appointeeAppointment: Jun 27, 1834Entry on Duty: Jul 1, 1834Termination of Appointment: Mar 3, 1841Name: Daniel WebsterState of Residency: MassachusettsNon-career appointeeAppointment: Mar 5, 1841Entry on Duty: Mar 6, 1841Termination of Appointment: May 8, 1843Name: Abel P. UpshurState of Residency: VirginiaNon-career appointeeAppointment: Jul 24, 1843Entry on Duty: Jul 24, 1843Termination of Appointment: Feb 28, 1844Note: Commissioned during a recess of the Senate; recommissioned after confirmation on Jan 2, 1844.Name: John C. CalhounState of Residency: South CarolinaNon-career appointeeAppointment: Mar 6, 1844Entry on Duty: Apr 1, 1844Termination of Appointment: Mar 10, 1845Name: James BuchananState of Residency: PennsylvaniaNon-career appointeeAppointment: Mar 6, 1845Entry on Duty: Mar 10, 1845Termination of Appointment: Mar 7, 1849Name: John M. ClaytonState of Residency: DelawareNon-career appointeeAppointment: Mar 7, 1849Entry on Duty: Mar 8, 1849Termination of Appointment: Jul 22, 1850Name: Daniel WebsterState of Residency: MassachusettsNon-career appointeeAppointment: Jul 22, 1850Entry on Duty: Jul 23, 1850Termination of Appointment: Oct 24, 1852Name: Edward EverettState of Residency: MassachusettsNon-career appointeeAppointment: Nov 6, 1852Entry on Duty: Nov 6, 1852Termination of Appointment: Mar 3, 1853Note: Commissioned during a recess of the Senate; recommissioned after confirmation on Dec 9, 1852.Name: William L. MarcyState of Residency: New YorkNon-career appointeeAppointment: Mar 7, 1853Entry on Duty: Mar 8, 1853Termination of Appointment: Mar 6, 1857Name: Lewis CassState of Residency: MichiganNon-career appointeeAppointment: Mar 6, 1857Entry on Duty: Mar 6, 1857Termination of Appointment: Dec 14, 1860Name: Jeremiah S. BlackState of Residency: PennsylvaniaNon-career appointeeAppointment: Dec 17, 1860Entry on Duty: Dec 17, 1860Termination of Appointment: Mar 5, 1861Name: William H. SewardState of Residency: New YorkNon-career appointeeAppointment: Mar 5, 1861Entry on Duty: Mar 6, 1861Termination of Appointment: Mar 4, 1869Name: Elihu B. WashburneState of Residency: IllinoisNon-career appointeeAppointment: Mar 5, 1869Entry on Duty: Mar 5, 1869Termination of Appointment: Mar 16, 1869Name: Hamilton FishState of Residency: New YorkNon-career appointeeAppointment: Mar 11, 1869 /7/Entry on Duty: Mar 17, 1869Termination of Appointment: Mar 12, 1877Name: William M. EvartsState of Residency: New YorkNon-career appointeeAppointment: Mar 12, 1877Entry on Duty: Mar 12, 1877Termination of Appointment: Mar 7, 1881Name: James G. BlaineState of Residency: MaineNon-career appointeeAppointment: Mar 5, 1881Entry on Duty: Mar 7, 1881Termination of Appointment: Dec 19, 1881Name: Frederick T. FrelinghuysenState of Residency: New JerseyNon-career appointeeAppointment: Feb 12, 1881Entry on Duty: Dec 19, 1881Termination of Appointment: Mar 6, 1885Name: Thomas F. BayardState of Residency: DelawareNon-career appointeeAppointment: Mar 6, 1885Entry on Duty: Mar 7, 1885Termination of Appointment: Mar 6, 1889Name: James G. BlaineState of Residency: MaineNon-career appointeeAppointment: Mar 5, 1889Entry on Duty: Mar 7, 1889Termination of Appointment: Jun 4, 1892Name: John W. FosterState of Residency: IndianaNon-career appointeeAppointment: Jun 29, 1892Entry on Duty: Jun 29, 1892Termination of Appointment: Feb 23, 1893Name: Walter Q. GreshamState of Residency: IllinoisNon-career appointeeAppointment: Mar 6, 1893Entry on Duty: Mar 7, 1893Termination of Appointment: May 28, 1895Name: Richard OlneyState of Residency: MassachusettsNon-career appointeeAppointment: Jun 8, 1895Entry on Duty: Jun 10, 1895Termination of Appointment: Mar 5, 1897Note: Commissioned during a recess of the Senate; recommissioned after confirmation on Dec 3, 1895.Name: John ShermanState of Residency: OhioNon-career appointeeAppointment: Mar 5, 1897Entry on Duty: Mar 6, 1897Termination of Appointment: Apr 27, 1898Name: William R. DayState of Residency: OhioNon-career appointeeAppointment: Apr 26, 1898Entry on Duty: Apr 28, 1898Termination of Appointment: Sep 16, 1898Name: John HayState of Residency: District of ColumbiaNon-career appointeeAppointment: Sep 20, 1898Entry on Duty: Sep 30, 1898Termination of Appointment: Jul 1, 1905Note: Commissioned during a recess of the Senate; recommissioned afterconfirmation on Dec 7, 1898. Reappointed Mar 5, 1901.Name: Elihu RootState of Residency: New YorkNon-career appointeeAppointment: Jul 7, 1905Entry on Duty: Jul 19, 1905Termination of Appointment: Jan 27, 1909Note: Commissioned during a recess of the Senate; recommissioned afterconfirmation on Dec 6, 1905.Name: Robert BaconState of Residency: New YorkNon-career appointeeAppointment: Jan 27, 1909Entry on Duty: Jan 27, 1909Termination of Appointment: Mar 5, 1909Name: Philander C. KnoxState of Residency: PennsylvaniaNon-career appointeeAppointment: Mar 5, 1909Entry on Duty: Mar 6, 1909Termination of Appointment: Mar 5, 1913Name: William Jennings BryanState of Residency: NebraskaNon-career appointeeAppointment: Mar 5, 1913Entry on Duty: Mar 5, 1913Termination of Appointment: Jun 9, 1915Name: Robert LansingState of Residency: New YorkNon-career appointeeAppointment: Jun 23, 1915Entry on Duty: Jun 24, 1915Termination of Appointment: Feb 13, 1920Note: Commissioned during a recess of the Senate; recommissioned after confirmation on Dec 13, 1915.Name: Bainbridge ColbyState of Residency: New YorkNon-career appointeeAppointment: Mar 22, 1920Entry on Duty: Mar 23, 1920Termination of Appointment: Mar 4, 1921Name: Charles Evans HughesState of Residency: New YorkNon-career appointeeAppointment: Mar 4, 1921Entry on Duty: Mar 5, 1921Termination of Appointment: Mar 4, 1925Name: Frank B. KelloggState of Residency: MinnesotaNon-career appointeeAppointment: Feb 16, 1925Entry on Duty: Mar 5, 1925Termination of Appointment: Mar 28, 1929Name: Henry Lewis StimsonState of Residency: New YorkNon-career appointeeAppointment: Mar 5, 1929Entry on Duty: Mar 28, 1929Termination of Appointment: Mar 4, 1933Name: Cordell HullState of Residency: TennesseeNon-career appointeeAppointment: Mar 4, 1933Entry on Duty: Mar 4, 1933Termination of Appointment: Nov 30, 1944Name: Edward R. Stettinius, Jr.State of Residency: VirginiaNon-career appointeeAppointment: Nov 30, 1944Entry on Duty: Dec 1, 1944Termination of Appointment: Jun 27, 1945Name: James F. ByrnesState of Residency: South CarolinaNon-career appointeeAppointment: Jul 2, 1945Entry on Duty: Jul 3, 1945Termination of Appointment: Jan 21, 1947Name: George C. MarshallState of Residency: PennsylvaniaNon-career appointeeAppointment: Jan 8, 1947Entry on Duty: Jan 21, 1947Termination of Appointment: Jan 20, 1949Name: Dean G. AchesonState of Residency: MarylandNon-career appointeeAppointment: Jan 19, 1949Entry on Duty: Jan 21, 1949Termination of Appointment: Jan 20, 1953Name: John Foster DullesState of Residency: New YorkNon-career appointeeAppointment: Jan 21, 1953Entry on Duty: Jan 21, 1953Termination of Appointment: Apr 22, 1959Name: Christian A. HerterState of Residency: MassachusettsNon-career appointeeAppointment: Apr 21, 1959Entry on Duty: Apr 22, 1959Termination of Appointment: Jan 20, 1961Name: Dean RuskState of Residency: New YorkNon-career appointeeAppointment: Jan 21, 1961Entry on Duty: Jan 21, 1961Termination of Appointment: Jan 20, 1969Name: William P. RogersState of Residency: MarylandNon-career appointeeAppointment: Jan 21, 1969Entry on Duty: Jan 22, 1969Termination of Appointment: Sep 3, 1973Name: Henry A. KissingerState of Residency: District of ColumbiaNon-career appointeeAppointment: Sep 21, 1973Entry on Duty: Sep 22, 1973Termination of Appointment: Jan 20, 1977Note: Served concurrently as Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs until Nov 3, 1975.Name: Cyrus VanceState of Residency: New YorkNon-career appointeeAppointment: Jan 21, 1977Entry on Duty: Jan 23, 1977Termination of Appointment: Apr 28, 1980Name: Edmund Sixtus MuskieState of Residency: MaineNon-career appointeeAppointment: May 8, 1980Entry on Duty: May 8, 1980Termination of Appointment: Jan 18, 1981Name: Alexander Meigs Haig, Jr.State of Residency: ConnecticutNon-career appointeeAppointment: Jan 22, 1981Entry on Duty: Jan 22, 1981Termination of Appointment: Jul 5, 1982Name: George P. ShultzState of Residency: CaliforniaNon-career appointeeAppointment: Jul 16, 1982Entry on Duty: Jul 16, 1982Termination of Appointment: Jan 20, 1989Name: James Addison Baker, IIIState of Residency: TexasNon-career appointeeAppointment: Jan 25, 1989Entry on Duty: Jan 25, 1989Termination of Appointment: Aug 23, 1992Name: Lawrence S. EagleburgerState of Residency: FloridaForeign Service officerAppointment: Dec 8, 1992Entry on Duty: Dec 8, 1992Termination of Appointment: Jan 19, 1993Note: Commissioned during a recess of the Senate. Served as Acting Secretary of State, Aug 23-Dec 8, 1992.Name: Warren M. ChristopherState of Residency: CaliforniaNon-career appointeeAppointment: Jan 20, 1993Entry on Duty: Jan 20, 1993Termination of Appointment: January 17, 1997Name: Madeleine Korbel AlbrightState of Residency: District of ColumbiaNon-career appointmentAppointment: January 17, 1997Entry on Duty: January 23, 1997Termination of Appointment: January 19, 2001 Name: Colin L. PowellState of Residency: VirginiaNon-career appointmentAppointment: January 20, 2001Entry on Duty: January 20, 2001Termination of Appointment: January 25, 2005 Name: Condoleezza RiceState of Residency: CaliforniaNon-career appointmentAppointment: January 25, 2005Entry on Duty: January 26, 2005Termination of Appointment: ---- Creation of Position: Congress created the position of Secretary of State on Jul 27, 1789 (1 Stat. 28), as the principal officer of the Department of Foreign Affairs (later renamed Department of State). The Secretary was to perform such duties as the President required, in accordance with the Constitution, relating to correspondence, commission, or instructions to U.S. ministers or consuls abroad, and to conduct negotiations with foreign representatives. The Secretary has also served as principal adviser to the President in the determination and execution of U.S. foreign policy and in recent decades has become responsible for overall direction, coordination, and supervision of interdepartmental activities of the U.S. Government overseas, except for certain military activities. The Act of Congress of Sep 5, 1789, that changed the name of the Department of Foreign Affairs assigned various domestic duties to the Department of State. Nearly all were later reassigned to other agencies. This list does not include individuals designated to act as Secretaries of State when the Secretaryship was vacant. These individuals are usually referred to collectively as Secretaries of State ad interim.Secretaries of State, 1789-2005Creation of this Position Name: Thomas JeffersonState of Residency: VirginiaNon-career appointeeAppointment: Sep 26, 1789Entry on Duty: Mar 22, 1790Termination of Appointment: Dec 31, 1793Name: Edmund RandolphState of Residency: VirginiaNon-career appointeeAppointment: Jan 2, 1794Entry on Duty: Jan 2, 1794Termination of Appointment: Aug 20, 1795Name: Timothy PickeringState of Residency: PennsylvaniaNon-career appointeeAppointment: Dec 10, 1795Entry on Duty: Dec 10, 1795Termination of Appointment: May 12, 1800Name: John MarshallState of Residency: VirginiaNon-career appointeeAppointment: May 13, 1800Entry on Duty: Jun 6, 1800Termination of Appointment: Feb 4, 1801Name: James MadisonState of Residency: VirginiaNon-career appointeeAppointment: Mar 5, 1801Entry on Duty: May 2, 1801Termination of Appointment: Mar 3, 1809Name: Robert SmithState of Residency: MarylandNon-career appointeeAppointment: Mar 6, 1809Entry on Duty: Mar 6, 1809Termination of Appointment: Apr 1, 1811Name: James MonroeState of Residency: VirginiaNon-career appointeeAppointment: Apr 2, 1811Entry on Duty: Apr 6, 1811Termination of Appointment: Sep 30, 1814Note: Commissioned during a recess of the Senate; recommissioned after confirmation on Nov 26, 1811.Name: James MonroeState of Residency: VirginiaNon-career appointeeAppointment: Feb 28, 1815Entry on Duty: Feb 28, 1815Termination of Appointment: Mar 3, 1817Name: John Quincy AdamsState of Residency: MassachusettsNon-career appointeeAppointment: Mar 5, 1817Entry on Duty: Sep 22, 1817Termination of Appointment: Mar 3, 1825Name: Henry ClayState of Residency: KentuckyNon-career appointeeAppointment: Mar 7, 1825Entry on Duty: Mar 7, 1825Termination of Appointment: Mar 3, 1829Name: Martin Van BurenState of Residency: New YorkNon-career appointeeAppointment: Mar 6, 1829Entry on Duty: Mar 28, 1829Termination of Appointment: Mar 23, 1831Name: Edward LivingstonState of Residency: LouisianaNon-career appointeeAppointment: May 24, 1831Entry on Duty: May 24, 1831Termination of Appointment: May 29, 1833Note: Commissioned during a recess of the Senate; recommissioned after confirmation on Jan 12, 1832.Name: Louis McLaneState of Residency: DelawareNon-career appointeeAppointment: May 29, 1833Entry on Duty: May 29, 1833Termination of Appointment: Jun 30, 1834Note: Commissioned during a recess of the Senate.Name: John ForsythState of Residency: GeorgiaNon-career appointeeAppointment: Jun 27, 1834Entry on Duty: Jul 1, 1834Termination of Appointment: Mar 3, 1841Name: Daniel WebsterState of Residency: MassachusettsNon-career appointeeAppointment: Mar 5, 1841Entry on Duty: Mar 6, 1841Termination of Appointment: May 8, 1843Name: Abel P. UpshurState of Residency: VirginiaNon-career appointeeAppointment: Jul 24, 1843Entry on Duty: Jul 24, 1843Termination of Appointment: Feb 28, 1844Note: Commissioned during a recess of the Senate; recommissioned after confirmation on Jan 2, 1844.Name: John C. CalhounState of Residency: South CarolinaNon-career appointeeAppointment: Mar 6, 1844Entry on Duty: Apr 1, 1844Termination of Appointment: Mar 10, 1845Name: James BuchananState of Residency: PennsylvaniaNon-career appointeeAppointment: Mar 6, 1845Entry on Duty: Mar 10, 1845Termination of Appointment: Mar 7, 1849Name: John M. ClaytonState of Residency: DelawareNon-career appointeeAppointment: Mar 7, 1849Entry on Duty: Mar 8, 1849Termination of Appointment: Jul 22, 1850Name: Daniel WebsterState of Residency: MassachusettsNon-career appointeeAppointment: Jul 22, 1850Entry on Duty: Jul 23, 1850Termination of Appointment: Oct 24, 1852Name: Edward EverettState of Residency: MassachusettsNon-career appointeeAppointment: Nov 6, 1852Entry on Duty: Nov 6, 1852Termination of Appointment: Mar 3, 1853Note: Commissioned during a recess of the Senate; recommissioned after confirmation on Dec 9, 1852.Name: William L. MarcyState of Residency: New YorkNon-career appointeeAppointment: Mar 7, 1853Entry on Duty: Mar 8, 1853Termination of Appointment: Mar 6, 1857Name: Lewis CassState of Residency: MichiganNon-career appointeeAppointment: Mar 6, 1857Entry on Duty: Mar 6, 1857Termination of Appointment: Dec 14, 1860Name: Jeremiah S. BlackState of Residency: PennsylvaniaNon-career appointeeAppointment: Dec 17, 1860Entry on Duty: Dec 17, 1860Termination of Appointment: Mar 5, 1861Name: William H. SewardState of Residency: New YorkNon-career appointeeAppointment: Mar 5, 1861Entry on Duty: Mar 6, 1861Termination of Appointment: Mar 4, 1869Name: Elihu B. WashburneState of Residency: IllinoisNon-career appointeeAppointment: Mar 5, 1869Entry on Duty: Mar 5, 1869Termination of Appointment: Mar 16, 1869Name: Hamilton FishState of Residency: New YorkNon-career appointeeAppointment: Mar 11, 1869 /7/Entry on Duty: Mar 17, 1869Termination of Appointment: Mar 12, 1877Name: William M. EvartsState of Residency: New YorkNon-career appointeeAppointment: Mar 12, 1877Entry on Duty: Mar 12, 1877Termination of Appointment: Mar 7, 1881Name: James G. BlaineState of Residency: MaineNon-career appointeeAppointment: Mar 5, 1881Entry on Duty: Mar 7, 1881Termination of Appointment: Dec 19, 1881Name: Frederick T. FrelinghuysenState of Residency: New JerseyNon-career appointeeAppointment: Feb 12, 1881Entry on Duty: Dec 19, 1881Termination of Appointment: Mar 6, 1885Name: Thomas F. BayardState of Residency: DelawareNon-career appointeeAppointment: Mar 6, 1885Entry on Duty: Mar 7, 1885Termination of Appointment: Mar 6, 1889Name: James G. BlaineState of Residency: MaineNon-career appointeeAppointment: Mar 5, 1889Entry on Duty: Mar 7, 1889Termination of Appointment: Jun 4, 1892Name: John W. FosterState of Residency: IndianaNon-career appointeeAppointment: Jun 29, 1892Entry on Duty: Jun 29, 1892Termination of Appointment: Feb 23, 1893Name: Walter Q. GreshamState of Residency: IllinoisNon-career appointeeAppointment: Mar 6, 1893Entry on Duty: Mar 7, 1893Termination of Appointment: May 28, 1895Name: Richard OlneyState of Residency: MassachusettsNon-career appointeeAppointment: Jun 8, 1895Entry on Duty: Jun 10, 1895Termination of Appointment: Mar 5, 1897Note: Commissioned during a recess of the Senate; recommissioned after confirmation on Dec 3, 1895.Name: John ShermanState of Residency: OhioNon-career appointeeAppointment: Mar 5, 1897Entry on Duty: Mar 6, 1897Termination of Appointment: Apr 27, 1898Name: William R. DayState of Residency: OhioNon-career appointeeAppointment: Apr 26, 1898Entry on Duty: Apr 28, 1898Termination of Appointment: Sep 16, 1898Name: John HayState of Residency: District of ColumbiaNon-career appointeeAppointment: Sep 20, 1898Entry on Duty: Sep 30, 1898Termination of Appointment: Jul 1, 1905Note: Commissioned during a recess of the Senate; recommissioned afterconfirmation on Dec 7, 1898. Reappointed Mar 5, 1901.Name: Elihu RootState of Residency: New YorkNon-career appointeeAppointment: Jul 7, 1905Entry on Duty: Jul 19, 1905Termination of Appointment: Jan 27, 1909Note: Commissioned during a recess of the Senate; recommissioned afterconfirmation on Dec 6, 1905.Name: Robert BaconState of Residency: New YorkNon-career appointeeAppointment: Jan 27, 1909Entry on Duty: Jan 27, 1909Termination of Appointment: Mar 5, 1909Name: Philander C. KnoxState of Residency: PennsylvaniaNon-career appointeeAppointment: Mar 5, 1909Entry on Duty: Mar 6, 1909Termination of Appointment: Mar 5, 1913Name: William Jennings BryanState of Residency: NebraskaNon-career appointeeAppointment: Mar 5, 1913Entry on Duty: Mar 5, 1913Termination of Appointment: Jun 9, 1915Name: Robert LansingState of Residency: New YorkNon-career appointeeAppointment: Jun 23, 1915Entry on Duty: Jun 24, 1915Termination of Appointment: Feb 13, 1920Note: Commissioned during a recess of the Senate; recommissioned after confirmation on Dec 13, 1915.Name: Bainbridge ColbyState of Residency: New YorkNon-career appointeeAppointment: Mar 22, 1920Entry on Duty: Mar 23, 1920Termination of Appointment: Mar 4, 1921Name: Charles Evans HughesState of Residency: New YorkNon-career appointeeAppointment: Mar 4, 1921Entry on Duty: Mar 5, 1921Termination of Appointment: Mar 4, 1925Name: Frank B. KelloggState of Residency: MinnesotaNon-career appointeeAppointment: Feb 16, 1925Entry on Duty: Mar 5, 1925Termination of Appointment: Mar 28, 1929Name: Henry Lewis StimsonState of Residency: New YorkNon-career appointeeAppointment: Mar 5, 1929Entry on Duty: Mar 28, 1929Termination of Appointment: Mar 4, 1933Name: Cordell HullState of Residency: TennesseeNon-career appointeeAppointment: Mar 4, 1933Entry on Duty: Mar 4, 1933Termination of Appointment: Nov 30, 1944Name: Edward R. Stettinius, Jr.State of Residency: VirginiaNon-career appointeeAppointment: Nov 30, 1944Entry on Duty: Dec 1, 1944Termination of Appointment: Jun 27, 1945Name: James F. ByrnesState of Residency: South CarolinaNon-career appointeeAppointment: Jul 2, 1945Entry on Duty: Jul 3, 1945Termination of Appointment: Jan 21, 1947Name: George C. MarshallState of Residency: PennsylvaniaNon-career appointeeAppointment: Jan 8, 1947Entry on Duty: Jan 21, 1947Termination of Appointment: Jan 20, 1949Name: Dean G. AchesonState of Residency: MarylandNon-career appointeeAppointment: Jan 19, 1949Entry on Duty: Jan 21, 1949Termination of Appointment: Jan 20, 1953Name: John Foster DullesState of Residency: New YorkNon-career appointeeAppointment: Jan 21, 1953Entry on Duty: Jan 21, 1953Termination of Appointment: Apr 22, 1959Name: Christian A. HerterState of Residency: MassachusettsNon-career appointeeAppointment: Apr 21, 1959Entry on Duty: Apr 22, 1959Termination of Appointment: Jan 20, 1961Name: Dean RuskState of Residency: New YorkNon-career appointeeAppointment: Jan 21, 1961Entry on Duty: Jan 21, 1961Termination of Appointment: Jan 20, 1969Name: William P. RogersState of Residency: MarylandNon-career appointeeAppointment: Jan 21, 1969Entry on Duty: Jan 22, 1969Termination of Appointment: Sep 3, 1973Name: Henry A. KissingerState of Residency: District of ColumbiaNon-career appointeeAppointment: Sep 21, 1973Entry on Duty: Sep 22, 1973Termination of Appointment: Jan 20, 1977Note: Served concurrently as Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs until Nov 3, 1975.Name: Cyrus VanceState of Residency: New YorkNon-career appointeeAppointment: Jan 21, 1977Entry on Duty: Jan 23, 1977Termination of Appointment: Apr 28, 1980Name: Edmund Sixtus MuskieState of Residency: MaineNon-career appointeeAppointment: May 8, 1980Entry on Duty: May 8, 1980Termination of Appointment: Jan 18, 1981Name: Alexander Meigs Haig, Jr.State of Residency: ConnecticutNon-career appointeeAppointment: Jan 22, 1981Entry on Duty: Jan 22, 1981Termination of Appointment: Jul 5, 1982Name: George P. ShultzState of Residency: CaliforniaNon-career appointeeAppointment: Jul 16, 1982Entry on Duty: Jul 16, 1982Termination of Appointment: Jan 20, 1989Name: James Addison Baker, IIIState of Residency: TexasNon-career appointeeAppointment: Jan 25, 1989Entry on Duty: Jan 25, 1989Termination of Appointment: Aug 23, 1992Name: Lawrence S. EagleburgerState of Residency: FloridaForeign Service officerAppointment: Dec 8, 1992Entry on Duty: Dec 8, 1992Termination of Appointment: Jan 19, 1993Note: Commissioned during a recess of the Senate. Served as Acting Secretary of State, Aug 23-Dec 8, 1992.Name: Warren M. ChristopherState of Residency: CaliforniaNon-career appointeeAppointment: Jan 20, 1993Entry on Duty: Jan 20, 1993Termination of Appointment: January 17, 1997Name: Madeleine Korbel AlbrightState of Residency: District of ColumbiaNon-career appointmentAppointment: January 17, 1997Entry on Duty: January 23, 1997Termination of Appointment: January 19, 2001 Name: Colin L. PowellState of Residency: VirginiaNon-career appointmentAppointment: January 20, 2001Entry on Duty: January 20, 2001Termination of Appointment: January 25, 2005 Name: Condoleezza RiceState of Residency: CaliforniaNon-career appointmentAppointment: January 25, 2005Entry on Duty: January 26, 2005Termination of Appointment: ---- Creation of Position: Congress created the position of Secretary of State on Jul 27, 1789 (1 Stat. 28), as the principal officer of the Department of Foreign Affairs (later renamed Department of State). The Secretary was to perform such duties as the President required, in accordance with the Constitution, relating to correspondence, commission, or instructions to U.S. ministers or consuls abroad, and to conduct negotiations with foreign representatives. The Secretary has also served as principal adviser to the President in the determination and execution of U.S. foreign policy and in recent decades has become responsible for overall direction, coordination, and supervision of interdepartmental activities of the U.S. Government overseas, except for certain military activities. The Act of Congress of Sep 5, 1789, that changed the name of the Department of Foreign Affairs assigned various domestic duties to the Department of State. Nearly all were later reassigned to other agencies. This list does not include individuals designated to act as Secretaries of State when the Secretaryship was vacant. These individuals are usually referred to collectively as Secretaries of State ad interim.Secretaries of State, 1789-2005Creation of this Position Name: Thomas JeffersonState of Residency: VirginiaNon-career appointeeAppointment: Sep 26, 1789Entry on Duty: Mar 22, 1790Termination of Appointment: Dec 31, 1793Name: Edmund RandolphState of Residency: VirginiaNon-career appointeeAppointment: Jan 2, 1794Entry on Duty: Jan 2, 1794Termination of Appointment: Aug 20, 1795Name: Timothy PickeringState of Residency: PennsylvaniaNon-career appointeeAppointment: Dec 10, 1795Entry on Duty: Dec 10, 1795Termination of Appointment: May 12, 1800Name: John MarshallState of Residency: VirginiaNon-career appointeeAppointment: May 13, 1800Entry on Duty: Jun 6, 1800Termination of Appointment: Feb 4, 1801Name: James MadisonState of Residency: VirginiaNon-career appointeeAppointment: Mar 5, 1801Entry on Duty: May 2, 1801Termination of Appointment: Mar 3, 1809Name: Robert SmithState of Residency: MarylandNon-career appointeeAppointment: Mar 6, 1809Entry on Duty: Mar 6, 1809Termination of Appointment: Apr 1, 1811Name: James MonroeState of Residency: VirginiaNon-career appointeeAppointment: Apr 2, 1811Entry on Duty: Apr 6, 1811Termination of Appointment: Sep 30, 1814Note: Commissioned during a recess of the Senate; recommissioned after confirmation on Nov 26, 1811.Name: James MonroeState of Residency: VirginiaNon-career appointeeAppointment: Feb 28, 1815Entry on Duty: Feb 28, 1815Termination of Appointment: Mar 3, 1817Name: John Quincy AdamsState of Residency: MassachusettsNon-career appointeeAppointment: Mar 5, 1817Entry on Duty: Sep 22, 1817Termination of Appointment: Mar 3, 1825Name: Henry ClayState of Residency: KentuckyNon-career appointeeAppointment: Mar 7, 1825Entry on Duty: Mar 7, 1825Termination of Appointment: Mar 3, 1829Name: Martin Van BurenState of Residency: New YorkNon-career appointeeAppointment: Mar 6, 1829Entry on Duty: Mar 28, 1829Termination of Appointment: Mar 23, 1831Name: Edward LivingstonState of Residency: LouisianaNon-career appointeeAppointment: May 24, 1831Entry on Duty: May 24, 1831Termination of Appointment: May 29, 1833Note: Commissioned during a recess of the Senate; recommissioned after confirmation on Jan 12, 1832.Name: Louis McLaneState of Residency: DelawareNon-career appointeeAppointment: May 29, 1833Entry on Duty: May 29, 1833Termination of Appointment: Jun 30, 1834Note: Commissioned during a recess of the Senate.Name: John ForsythState of Residency: GeorgiaNon-career appointeeAppointment: Jun 27, 1834Entry on Duty: Jul 1, 1834Termination of Appointment: Mar 3, 1841Name: Daniel WebsterState of Residency: MassachusettsNon-career appointeeAppointment: Mar 5, 1841Entry on Duty: Mar 6, 1841Termination of Appointment: May 8, 1843Name: Abel P. UpshurState of Residency: VirginiaNon-career appointeeAppointment: Jul 24, 1843Entry on Duty: Jul 24, 1843Termination of Appointment: Feb 28, 1844Note: Commissioned during a recess of the Senate; recommissioned after confirmation on Jan 2, 1844.Name: John C. CalhounState of Residency: South CarolinaNon-career appointeeAppointment: Mar 6, 1844Entry on Duty: Apr 1, 1844Termination of Appointment: Mar 10, 1845Name: James BuchananState of Residency: PennsylvaniaNon-career appointeeAppointment: Mar 6, 1845Entry on Duty: Mar 10, 1845Termination of Appointment: Mar 7, 1849Name: John M. ClaytonState of Residency: DelawareNon-career appointeeAppointment: Mar 7, 1849Entry on Duty: Mar 8, 1849Termination of Appointment: Jul 22, 1850Name: Daniel WebsterState of Residency: MassachusettsNon-career appointeeAppointment: Jul 22, 1850Entry on Duty: Jul 23, 1850Termination of Appointment: Oct 24, 1852Name: Edward EverettState of Residency: MassachusettsNon-career appointeeAppointment: Nov 6, 1852Entry on Duty: Nov 6, 1852Termination of Appointment: Mar 3, 1853Note: Commissioned during a recess of the Senate; recommissioned after confirmation on Dec 9, 1852.Name: William L. MarcyState of Residency: New YorkNon-career appointeeAppointment: Mar 7, 1853Entry on Duty: Mar 8, 1853Termination of Appointment: Mar 6, 1857Name: Lewis CassState of Residency: MichiganNon-career appointeeAppointment: Mar 6, 1857Entry on Duty: Mar 6, 1857Termination of Appointment: Dec 14, 1860Name: Jeremiah S. BlackState of Residency: PennsylvaniaNon-career appointeeAppointment: Dec 17, 1860Entry on Duty: Dec 17, 1860Termination of Appointment: Mar 5, 1861Name: William H. SewardState of Residency: New YorkNon-career appointeeAppointment: Mar 5, 1861Entry on Duty: Mar 6, 1861Termination of Appointment: Mar 4, 1869Name: Elihu B. WashburneState of Residency: IllinoisNon-career appointeeAppointment: Mar 5, 1869Entry on Duty: Mar 5, 1869Termination of Appointment: Mar 16, 1869Name: Hamilton FishState of Residency: New YorkNon-career appointeeAppointment: Mar 11, 1869 /7/Entry on Duty: Mar 17, 1869Termination of Appointment: Mar 12, 1877Name: William M. EvartsState of Residency: New YorkNon-career appointeeAppointment: Mar 12, 1877Entry on Duty: Mar 12, 1877Termination of Appointment: Mar 7, 1881Name: James G. BlaineState of Residency: MaineNon-career appointeeAppointment: Mar 5, 1881Entry on Duty: Mar 7, 1881Termination of Appointment: Dec 19, 1881Name: Frederick T. FrelinghuysenState of Residency: New JerseyNon-career appointeeAppointment: Feb 12, 1881Entry on Duty: Dec 19, 1881Termination of Appointment: Mar 6, 1885Name: Thomas F. BayardState of Residency: DelawareNon-career appointeeAppointment: Mar 6, 1885Entry on Duty: Mar 7, 1885Termination of Appointment: Mar 6, 1889Name: James G. BlaineState of Residency: MaineNon-career appointeeAppointment: Mar 5, 1889Entry on Duty: Mar 7, 1889Termination of Appointment: Jun 4, 1892Name: John W. FosterState of Residency: IndianaNon-career appointeeAppointment: Jun 29, 1892Entry on Duty: Jun 29, 1892Termination of Appointment: Feb 23, 1893Name: Walter Q. GreshamState of Residency: IllinoisNon-career appointeeAppointment: Mar 6, 1893Entry on Duty: Mar 7, 1893Termination of Appointment: May 28, 1895Name: Richard OlneyState of Residency: MassachusettsNon-career appointeeAppointment: Jun 8, 1895Entry on Duty: Jun 10, 1895Termination of Appointment: Mar 5, 1897Note: Commissioned during a recess of the Senate; recommissioned after confirmation on Dec 3, 1895.Name: John ShermanState of Residency: OhioNon-career appointeeAppointment: Mar 5, 1897Entry on Duty: Mar 6, 1897Termination of Appointment: Apr 27, 1898Name: William R. DayState of Residency: OhioNon-career appointeeAppointment: Apr 26, 1898Entry on Duty: Apr 28, 1898Termination of Appointment: Sep 16, 1898Name: John HayState of Residency: District of ColumbiaNon-career appointeeAppointment: Sep 20, 1898Entry on Duty: Sep 30, 1898Termination of Appointment: Jul 1, 1905Note: Commissioned during a recess of the Senate; recommissioned afterconfirmation on Dec 7, 1898. Reappointed Mar 5, 1901.Name: Elihu RootState of Residency: New YorkNon-career appointeeAppointment: Jul 7, 1905Entry on Duty: Jul 19, 1905Termination of Appointment: Jan 27, 1909Note: Commissioned during a recess of the Senate; recommissioned afterconfirmation on Dec 6, 1905.Name: Robert BaconState of Residency: New YorkNon-career appointeeAppointment: Jan 27, 1909Entry on Duty: Jan 27, 1909Termination of Appointment: Mar 5, 1909Name: Philander C. KnoxState of Residency: PennsylvaniaNon-career appointeeAppointment: Mar 5, 1909Entry on Duty: Mar 6, 1909Termination of Appointment: Mar 5, 1913Name: William Jennings BryanState of Residency: NebraskaNon-career appointeeAppointment: Mar 5, 1913Entry on Duty: Mar 5, 1913Termination of Appointment: Jun 9, 1915Name: Robert LansingState of Residency: New YorkNon-career appointeeAppointment: Jun 23, 1915Entry on Duty: Jun 24, 1915Termination of Appointment: Feb 13, 1920Note: Commissioned during a recess of the Senate; recommissioned after confirmation on Dec 13, 1915.Name: Bainbridge ColbyState of Residency: New YorkNon-career appointeeAppointment: Mar 22, 1920Entry on Duty: Mar 23, 1920Termination of Appointment: Mar 4, 1921Name: Charles Evans HughesState of Residency: New YorkNon-career appointeeAppointment: Mar 4, 1921Entry on Duty: Mar 5, 1921Termination of Appointment: Mar 4, 1925Name: Frank B. KelloggState of Residency: MinnesotaNon-career appointeeAppointment: Feb 16, 1925Entry on Duty: Mar 5, 1925Termination of Appointment: Mar 28, 1929Name: Henry Lewis StimsonState of Residency: New YorkNon-career appointeeAppointment: Mar 5, 1929Entry on Duty: Mar 28, 1929Termination of Appointment: Mar 4, 1933Name: Cordell HullState of Residency: TennesseeNon-career appointeeAppointment: Mar 4, 1933Entry on Duty: Mar 4, 1933Termination of Appointment: Nov 30, 1944Name: Edward R. Stettinius, Jr.State of Residency: VirginiaNon-career appointeeAppointment: Nov 30, 1944Entry on Duty: Dec 1, 1944Termination of Appointment: Jun 27, 1945Name: James F. ByrnesState of Residency: South CarolinaNon-career appointeeAppointment: Jul 2, 1945Entry on Duty: Jul 3, 1945Termination of Appointment: Jan 21, 1947Name: George C. MarshallState of Residency: PennsylvaniaNon-career appointeeAppointment: Jan 8, 1947Entry on Duty: Jan 21, 1947Termination of Appointment: Jan 20, 1949Name: Dean G. AchesonState of Residency: MarylandNon-career appointeeAppointment: Jan 19, 1949Entry on Duty: Jan 21, 1949Termination of Appointment: Jan 20, 1953Name: John Foster DullesState of Residency: New YorkNon-career appointeeAppointment: Jan 21, 1953Entry on Duty: Jan 21, 1953Termination of Appointment: Apr 22, 1959Name: Christian A. HerterState of Residency: MassachusettsNon-career appointeeAppointment: Apr 21, 1959Entry on Duty: Apr 22, 1959Termination of Appointment: Jan 20, 1961Name: Dean RuskState of Residency: New YorkNon-career appointeeAppointment: Jan 21, 1961Entry on Duty: Jan 21, 1961Termination of Appointment: Jan 20, 1969Name: William P. RogersState of Residency: MarylandNon-career appointeeAppointment: Jan 21, 1969Entry on Duty: Jan 22, 1969Termination of Appointment: Sep 3, 1973Name: Henry A. KissingerState of Residency: District of ColumbiaNon-career appointeeAppointment: Sep 21, 1973Entry on Duty: Sep 22, 1973Termination of Appointment: Jan 20, 1977Note: Served concurrently as Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs until Nov 3, 1975.Name: Cyrus VanceState of Residency: New YorkNon-career appointeeAppointment: Jan 21, 1977Entry on Duty: Jan 23, 1977Termination of Appointment: Apr 28, 1980Name: Edmund Sixtus MuskieState of Residency: MaineNon-career appointeeAppointment: May 8, 1980Entry on Duty: May 8, 1980Termination of Appointment: Jan 18, 1981Name: Alexander Meigs Haig, Jr.State of Residency: ConnecticutNon-career appointeeAppointment: Jan 22, 1981Entry on Duty: Jan 22, 1981Termination of Appointment: Jul 5, 1982Name: George P. ShultzState of Residency: CaliforniaNon-career appointeeAppointment: Jul 16, 1982Entry on Duty: Jul 16, 1982Termination of Appointment: Jan 20, 1989Name: James Addison Baker, IIIState of Residency: TexasNon-career appointeeAppointment: Jan 25, 1989Entry on Duty: Jan 25, 1989Termination of Appointment: Aug 23, 1992Name: Lawrence S. EagleburgerState of Residency: FloridaForeign Service officerAppointment: Dec 8, 1992Entry on Duty: Dec 8, 1992Termination of Appointment: Jan 19, 1993Note: Commissioned during a recess of the Senate. Served as Acting Secretary of State, Aug 23-Dec 8, 1992.Name: Warren M. ChristopherState of Residency: CaliforniaNon-career appointeeAppointment: Jan 20, 1993Entry on Duty: Jan 20, 1993Termination of Appointment: January 17, 1997Name: Madeleine Korbel AlbrightState of Residency: District of ColumbiaNon-career appointmentAppointment: January 17, 1997Entry on Duty: January 23, 1997Termination of Appointment: January 19, 2001 Name: Colin L. PowellState of Residency: VirginiaNon-career appointmentAppointment: January 20, 2001Entry on Duty: January 20, 2001Termination of Appointment: January 25, 2005 Name: Condoleezza RiceState of Residency: CaliforniaNon-career appointmentAppointment: January 25, 2005Entry on Duty: January 26, 2005Termination of Appointment: ---- Creation of Position: Congress created the position of Secretary of State on Jul 27, 1789 (1 Stat. 28), as the principal officer of the Department of Foreign Affairs (later renamed Department of State). The Secretary was to perform such duties as the President required, in accordance with the Constitution, relating to correspondence, commission, or instructions to U.S. ministers or consuls abroad, and to conduct negotiations with foreign representatives. The Secretary has also served as principal adviser to the President in the determination and execution of U.S. foreign policy and in recent decades has become responsible for overall direction, coordination, and supervision of interdepartmental activities of the U.S. Government overseas, except for certain military activities. The Act of Congress of Sep 5, 1789, that changed the name of the Department of Foreign Affairs assigned various domestic duties to the Department of State. Nearly all were later reassigned to other agencies. This list does not include individuals designated to act as Secretaries of State when the Secretaryship was vacant. These individuals are usually referred to collectively as Secretaries of State ad interim.

Related questions

What criticism of American society did Elihu Burritt have?

He supported the temperance movement, opposed slavery, and worked for world peace


What has the author W E Staples written?

W. E. Staples has written: 'The speeches of Elihu' -- subject(s): Bible, Criticism, interpretation


What method did elihu burritt use to improve American society?

Elihu Burritt used education, diplomacy, and advocacy to improve American society. He dedicated his efforts to promoting peace and social justice, particularly in the areas of labor rights, education, and international relations. He believed in the power of education to uplift individuals and societies, and worked towards providing accessible education opportunities for all. Additionally, he actively engaged in diplomatic efforts to resolve conflicts and promote peace globally.


When did Elihu Embree die?

Elihu Embree died in 1820.


When was Elihu Palmer born?

Elihu Palmer was born in 1764.


When did Elihu Vedder die?

Elihu Vedder died in 1923.


When was Elihu Vedder born?

Elihu Vedder was born in 1836.


When was Elihu Spencer born?

Elihu Spencer was born in 1721.


When did Elihu Spencer die?

Elihu Spencer died in 1784.


When did Elihu Palmer die?

Elihu Palmer died in 1806.


When was Elihu Katz born?

Elihu Katz was born in 1926.


When was Elihu Grant born?

Elihu Grant was born in 1873.