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How is the entrance of bacteriophages into their host cell different than the entrance of animal viruses into their host cell?
Bacteriophages enter a host cell by attaching to specific receptors on the surface of bacteria, including lipopolysaccharides, techoic acids, proteins, and flagella.
For for a virus to infect a host cell, the cell must have receptors on its surface for the virus to attach to. The receptors are normal molecules involved in routine cellular function, but a portion of the surface of the virus resembles the chemical shape of the body's molecule that would normally bind to the receptor, allowing the binding of the virus to cell to happen.
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Why most viruses that infect bacteria have tails whereas most viruses that infect animals and plants do not?
Bacterial viruses, or bacteriophages, often have tails to help them attach to specific receptors on the bacterial cell surface. Animal and plant viruses typically do not need tails because they enter host cells through different mechanisms, such as membrane fusion or endocytosis. The diversity of host organisms and cell types likely contributes to the variety of viral structures seen across different types of viruses.
The event that occurs in bacteriophage multiplication that does not occur in animal virus replication is?
The event that occurs in bacteriophage multiplication that does not occur in animal virus replication is the injection of only the viral nucleic acid into the host cell. Viruses that infect bacteria are specifically called bacteriophages.
How do animal viruses differ from bacterial viruses?
retro virus = any of a family of single-stranded RNA viruses having a helical envelope and containing an enzyme that allows for a reversal of genetic transcription, from RNA to DNA rather than the usual DNA to RNA, the newly transcribed viral DNA being incorporated into the host cell's DNA strand for the production of new RNA retroviruses: the family includes the AIDS virus and certain oncogene-carrying viruses implicated in various cancers.
Is nucleic acid found in viruses?
Yes, nucleic acid is found in viruses. Viruses can contain either DNA or RNA as their genetic material, which carries the instructions for viral replication within host cells. The nucleic acid in viruses is packaged within a protein coat called a capsid.
How do viruses infect eukaryotic cells?
In bacterial viruses, the protein coat remains outside the cell and only the viral genome is injected into the cell. In animal viruses, the virus attaches to specific receptors on the plasma membrane and the whole virus is taken in by endocytosis (pinocytosis or phagocytosis). The viral envelope (if present) is stripped off inside the cell, and the separation of the viral genome from the protein coat then takes place. Not all infections of animal host cells result in lysis of the cell (as in the lytic cycle of bacteriophages). In the case of enveloped animal viruses, the viruses are released by a budding process. The process is slow and the host cell may remain alive and continue to release viruses over a long period of time. In some cases the virus may become dormant (though remaining infectious) inside the host cell, appearing spontaneously at a later time. (Unlike temperate bacteriophages that integrate their DNA into the genome of the host cell as provirus, animal viruses do not usually integrate into the animal genome during the latent stage.) Finally, some animal viruses may cause transformation of host cells to the cancerous state.--Differences between bacteriophages and viruses that infect eukaryotic cells
Why most viruses that infect bacteria have tails whereas most viruses that infect animals and plants do not?
Bacterial viruses, or bacteriophages, often have tails to help them attach to specific receptors on the bacterial cell surface. Animal and plant viruses typically do not need tails because they enter host cells through different mechanisms, such as membrane fusion or endocytosis. The diversity of host organisms and cell types likely contributes to the variety of viral structures seen across different types of viruses.
What is the pathogen attacks specific cells and injects genetic materials?
Viruses attach specific cells and inject genetic material. There are viruses called bacteriophages that infect bacteria be injecting their genetic material into the bacterial host and invading their protein machinery. With animal viruses that infect animal cells (much larger than bacteria), the virus either injects genetic material OR gets into the cell whole before it begins to unleash its pathogenic effects
What is the part of the cell that viruses invade?
Viruses can infect animals, plants and bacteria, and the attachments vary. In animal viruses: Animal cells have a cell membrane. Viruses attach to certain proteins in that membrane. In plant viruses: Plants can also be infected with viruses. Since they have cell walls, viruses attach to those when infecting plants. In bacteriophages (viruses that infect bacteria): Special viruses called bacteriophages attach to the cell walls of bacteria by way of proteins.
The event that occurs in bacteriophage multiplication that does not occur in animal virus replication is?
The event that occurs in bacteriophage multiplication that does not occur in animal virus replication is the injection of only the viral nucleic acid into the host cell. Viruses that infect bacteria are specifically called bacteriophages.
What event occurs in bacteriophage multiplication in animal virus replication?
In bacteriophage multiplication, the event that occurs that is not found in animal virus replication is the injection of viral DNA directly into the host cell, where the phage attaches to the bacterial surface and transfers its genetic material without entering the cell. In contrast, animal viruses typically enter host cells through receptor-mediated endocytosis or membrane fusion, leading to the release of their genetic material into the host's cytoplasm. This fundamental difference highlights the distinct mechanisms of viral entry and replication between bacteriophages and animal viruses.
Do viruses have a place in the animal kingdom?
No, because viruses aren't alive.
What has the author Heinz Fraenkel-Conrat written?
Heinz Fraenkel-Conrat has written: 'Structure and assembly' -- subject(s): Morphology, Nucleic acids, RNA viruses, Viruses 'Descriptive catalogue of viruses' -- subject(s): Dictionaries, Viruses 'Reproduction: small and intermediate RNA viruses' -- subject(s): RNA viruses, Reproduction 'Newly characterized vertebrate viruses' -- subject(s): Diseases, Fishes, Vertebrates, Viruses 'Regulation and genetics, genetics of animal viruses' -- subject(s): Viral genetics 'Structure and assembly--primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary structures' -- subject(s): Morphology, Viruses 'Reproduction, bacterial DNA viruses' -- subject(s): Bacteriophages, DNA replication, DNA viruses, Reproduction, Virus Replication 'Comprehensive Virology (Physics of Atoms and Molecules)' 'Design and function at the threshold of life'
How do animal viruses differ from bacterial viruses?
retro virus = any of a family of single-stranded RNA viruses having a helical envelope and containing an enzyme that allows for a reversal of genetic transcription, from RNA to DNA rather than the usual DNA to RNA, the newly transcribed viral DNA being incorporated into the host cell's DNA strand for the production of new RNA retroviruses: the family includes the AIDS virus and certain oncogene-carrying viruses implicated in various cancers.
Is nucleic acid found in viruses?
Yes, nucleic acid is found in viruses. Viruses can contain either DNA or RNA as their genetic material, which carries the instructions for viral replication within host cells. The nucleic acid in viruses is packaged within a protein coat called a capsid.
What is the simpilist animal form?
bacteria or viruses
Does Animal Jam really spread viruses?
No
Does animal jam give viruses?
yeah they give
