A single pair of alleles would produce only one phenotype.
different phenotypes produced by one pair of alleles
there is a mutation
A phenotype could be eye colour, as a phenotype is the outcome of what your genes contain (Like eye colour, hair colour etc. but not the features influenced by the enviroment.)
It depends on the trait. Some traits are controlled by several alleles. Some traits are simply one of many controlled by a single allele. It also depends and how you correlate the trait with the allele. Sometimes a completely unrelated allele can "turn on" or "turn off" other sets of alleles. This means that the number of alleles associated with a particular trait can ultimately be indeterminable by our current observational methods.
There is not enough information to answer this questions. 10 alleles in 1 loci? 10 alleles total? 10 alleles for that gene in the population?
This is because phenotypes are the physical appearance. If you had brown hair and so did I, our phenotypes, would still be different.
" many bodies " traits. The three alleles for blood type is an example of this. Height/size is another example of this and many other variations in animal physiology are examples of this. Discrete traits, everybody has a heart, are in contrast to this, but even in discrete traits there are variations.
It explains the simplest form of genetic inheritance involving traits controlled by single genes having only dominant and recessive alleles. It does not directly explain genetic inheritance involving more complex traits (e.g. multiple interacting genes, genes having many different alleles, gene suppression).
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Single genes with two alleles, single genes with multiple alleles, and many genes that act together
No, alleles are different forms of a gene. The gene is the portion of DNA/RNA that codes for a particular trait (chain of proteins). The alleles are the possible code bits that could be in that part of the DNA and different alleles will result in different traits being expressed. E.g., part of your DNA codes for your eye color, and in that part there are a number of different alleles that could be there. A certain allele might make you blue-eyed, while another would make you brown-eyed, etc. This is something of a simplification as many traits are expressed via multiple alleles, but that is the general idea.
skin color is influenced by many genes so several different gene pools can produce the same skin color
No - some traits are polygenetic (such as for skin color, eye color, hair color, etc.) and will have multiple alleles.
genes are mixed around during sexual reproduction, and it ensures that the genes will not be the same.
No. You are describing what is called Lamarckism. Different traits are the results of the alleles found in genes. The environment does push one trait over another if the environment becomes extreme. You will see many traits in a population (such as in a human population) but one is not favored unless that trait allows those that have it to do better.
A polygenic trait that require the additive effects of many alleles to be expressed. Height is an example of a polygenic trait. Or, a trait that has many alleles to fill the loci on chromosomes. Blood types are examples of this. A, B and O are all alleles that git the two chromosomal loci, but only any two at once whether homozygous or heterozygous.
It depends on the trait. Some are Mendelian traits where there is one dominant and one recessive allele. Some traits are governed by multiple alleles, like blood groups, and some traits are governed by polygenic inheritance where several sets of genes determine the trait, like height in humans.
It depends on the trait. Some traits are controlled by several alleles. Some traits are simply one of many controlled by a single allele. It also depends and how you correlate the trait with the allele. Sometimes a completely unrelated allele can "turn on" or "turn off" other sets of alleles. This means that the number of alleles associated with a particular trait can ultimately be indeterminable by our current observational methods.
There is not enough information to answer this questions. 10 alleles in 1 loci? 10 alleles total? 10 alleles for that gene in the population?
Even identical twins are heterozygous for many alleles. Recombination would produce gametes with many different combinations of those alleles in each individual. Their offspring, as a result, could have very different genotypes than either parent, and thus look different as well.