A jam signal indicates that the collision has cleared and the media is not busy.
X A device listens and waits until the media is not busy before transmitting.
The device with the electronic token is the only one that can transmit after a collision.
X All of the devices on a segment see data that passes on the network medium.
X After detecting a collision, hosts can attempt to resume transmission after a random time delay has expired.
-A device listens and waits until the media is not busy before transmitting.
-All of the devices on a segment see data that passes on the network medium.
-After detecting a collision, hosts can attempt to resume transmission after a random time delay has expired.
carrier sense multiple access / collision detection.
Devices listen to the media and transmit data only when they cannot detect another signal on the media. All devices on the media can hear all communications When a collision occurs, all devices stop transmitting for a randomly generated period of time.
CSMA/CD: Carrier Sense Multiple Access / Collision Detection.
The acronym CSMA CD stands for Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection. CSMA CD is a set of rules determining how network devices respond when two devices attempt to use a data channel simultaneously.
1. Based on the CSMA/CD process 2. Specifies the MAC portion of the data link layer (layer 2)
10BaseT
Because CSMA/CD does not prevent Hidden terminal problem. so it is onlly applicable in Wired networks.
Csma/cd
IP, appletalk, token ring, CSMA/CD, CSMA/CA
The CSMA/CD access method is used to detect collisions Data transmission is via frames, each having a single MAC address
Data transmissions is via frames, each having a single MAC address. The CSMA/CD access method is used to detect collisions.
Collisions can decrease network performance.
*** In CSMA/CD it detects that a collision take place and resend the frame that was send. On a wirless network losing bandwidth along with time to detect that a collision took place was not acceptable , so CSMA/CA was utilized. ** CSMA/CD can achieve above 70% efficiency under heavy loads compared to CSMA/CA that can only achieve up to 30% efficiency under heavy loads. CSMA/CA network: A network in which the medium access control protocol requires carrier sense and where a station always starts transmission by sending a jam signal; if there is no collision with jam signals from other stations, it begins sending data; otherwise, it stops transmission and then tries again later. CSMA/CD network: A bus network in which the medium access control protocol requires carrier sense and in which exception conditions caused by collision are resolved by retransmission