What are the different types of Lutheranism?

Answer 1

There is really only one type. There are, however, many different "synods," dioceses or jurisdictions. In many European countries, the Lutheran Church is the state church only divided by political-geographical boundary and language. For example, the Church of Norway has different bishops and dioceses than the Church of Sweden while both are Lutheran Churches with the same basic principles. In the U.S., there are three major synods, the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America, the Lutheran Church-Missouri Synod and the Wisconsin Evangelical Lutheran Synod. Each started as a separate immigrant Church only divided by language. The three Churches follow the same basic beliefs and practices while they remain separate due to minor theological and polity issues along conservative/liberal lines and of interpretation of The Bible and Lutheran Symbolical writings.