Water conservation in Pakistan and our young generation role in sustainability in water?

Answer 1

Water Conservation. The watershed's surface is the depletion or loss of water from a hydrologic basin associated with plant water use. Water diverted from its natural course through a canal, pipe, or other conveyance measure and applied in irrigation in excess of ET is not lost because it returns into the basin from which it was withdrawn via surface runoff or deep percolation. This water can be available to other users at other times in other locations. One user's water inefficiency often serves as the source of another user's water supply. On-farm adoption of drip irrigation is one measure widely believed to conserve water. Drip irrigation allows for precise application of water into plants' root zones, with little loss to runoff or deep percolation. A linear relationship is typical between ET and crop yield over a wide range of crops and water applications. So, irrigation technologies that apply water at optimal times and locations in plant root zones increase crop consumptive use of water and crop yield as irrigation efficiency increases. When yield goes up, ET typically rises. Water losses through deep percolation or surface runoff will be reduced, possibly to early 0, through drip technology, but more ET will be used by the plant in supporting its reduced plant stress and higher yield. More efficient irrigation systems reduce diversions from streams and increase crop both yield and gross revenue. Depending on the cost of installing drip irrigation, costs and returns of production, and the price of water, the farmer who uses the technology may experience increased yield and higher income per unit of land. From the farmer's economic view the new water-conserving technology is good. However, basin-level consumptive use of water can increase.