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The first document written to serve as the basis of the new US government was the Articles of Confederation, adopted by the Continental Congress in 1781. This document established a loose alliance of the thirteen states and outlined a unicameral legislature, but it ultimately proved ineffective due to its weak central authority. The shortcomings of the Articles led to the Constitutional Convention of 1787, resulting in the creation of the U.S. Constitution, which replaced the Articles and established a stronger federal government.

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