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Why was the battle of Salamis important to Greece?

It is chiefly Salamis's proximity to Athens that gave the island its importance in ancient Greek history. The island is located in the Saronic Gulf just off the coast of Greece near Athens. The most famous episode involving Salamis was during the 2nd Persian War in the Battle of Salamis. This was when Themistocles, one of the Athenian generals taking part in the allied resistance against the Persians, realized his city could not be saved from Persian attack. He convinced all the women, children and elderly of Athens to take refuge on the island of Salamis while the able-bodied men of Athens and many other Greek city-states took to ships (called triremes) and fought the Persians on the water instead of on land. The geography of the Saronic Gulf around Salamis helped to minimize the Persian's main advantage, the sheer number of troops and ships, and even the odds for the far fewer Greek fighters. So while the Persians were able to burn the city of Athens (making way for the Parthenon and many other famous buildings still present today), they were not able to defeat the Athenian people, partly because of the island of Salamis.


Near what river was the battle of gaugamela fought?

The Battle of Gaugamela was fought near the Tigris and Euphrates River. The battle took place in 331 between the Persians and the Hellenic League.


How did the battle of Marathon get its name?

According to legend, the marathon springs from an account of a Greek soldier who ran from the town of Marathon to Athens, which is about 25 miles and some change, to inform the Senate that the Battle of Marathon had been won. The legend states that the soldier ran the entire difficult, mountainous route nonstop, declared "We are victorious", collapsed and died.


300 spartans died defending what pass?

Three hundred Spartans died defending the Pass of Thermopylae, also known as The Hot Gates. After the battle was over, the Persians gained control of Boeotia.


Why did the Greeks begin to retreat before the third day of the battle?

The Greeks began to retreat before the third day of the battle due to mounting losses and the realization that their position was increasingly untenable. They faced a well-coordinated enemy force that had adapted to their tactics and outnumbered them significantly. Additionally, logistical issues, dwindling supplies, and the impact of morale contributed to their decision to retreat and regroup rather than continue facing overwhelming odds.