A combining form, sometimes called a root of the word, is a part that identifies the thing you are talking about. For example, "encephal/o" would indicate that the word has to do with the brain. The "/o" at the end means that an "o" might be included, depending on whether it is followed by a consonant or vowel.
ElectroENCEPHALOgram has to do with the brain, and is a record (-gram) obtained by measuring electric waves. the "o" is needed b ecause "gram" starts with a consonant.
ENCEPHALitis is inflammation of the brain. No "o" is needed because "itis" starts with a vowel.
Macro means excessively large or big
hyper-
hypo- means small
-megaly.
-ectasis
Megaly
It is called Hypertrophy
Poly- is the medical terminology combining form meaning much or many, as in polycythemia or polymyalgia rheumatica.
Cerebr- is the medical terminology combining form meaning cerebrum, the largest part of the brain.
Hyper means Increase
-dipsia is the medical terminology combining form meaning thirst, as in polydipsia (excessive thirst).
-osis
The medical terminology combining form meaning hands is mano-
Pancreo- is the medical terminology combining form meaning pancreas.
The medical terminology combining form meaning scanty is "oligo-".
-rrhagia is the medical terminology combining form meaning discharge of blood, as in menorrhagia (heavy menstrual flow). A related suffix, -rrhea, refers to any kind of abnormal flow, such as rhinorrhea (abnormal nasal discharge) or otorrhea (abnormal ear discharge).
The medical terminology combining form meaning liver is "hepat/o".
-cele is the medical terminology combining form meaning herniation.
Ped/ is the medical terminology combining form meaning children.
Andro- is the medical terminology combining form meaning male.
Scapul/o is the medical terminology combining for meaning scapula.
Retro- is the medical terminology combining form meaning backward.