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The Passion of Christ From A Medical Point of View

Condensed from an article by C. Truman Davis, M.D., M.S.

"I became interested in (the physical aspects of the passion, or suffering,

of Jesus Christ) when...I suddenly realized that I had taken the Crucifixion

for granted all these years. It finally occurred to me that, as a

physician, I didn't even know the actual immediate cause of death.

"...Pilate condemns Jesus to scourging and crucifixion. Preparations for the

scourging are carried out. The prisoner is stripped of His clothing and His

hands tied to a post above His head. The Roman legionnaire steps forward

with the flagrum in his hand. This is a short whip consisting of several

heavy leather thongs with two small balls of lead attached near the ends of

each. The heavy whip is brought down with full force again and again across

Jesus' shoulders, back, and legs. At first, the heavy thongs cut through the

skin only.

Then as the blows continue, they cut deeper into the subcutaneous tissues

producing first an oozing of blood from the capillaries and veins of the skin

and finally, spurting arterial bleeding from vessels in the underlying

muscles. Finally, the skin of the back is hanging in long ribbons and the

entire area is an unrecognizable mass of torn, bleeding tissue. When it is

determined by the centurion in charge that the prisoner is near death, the

beating is finally stopped.

"The half-fainting Jesus is then untied and allowed to slump to the stone

pavement wet with His own blood. The Roman soldiers throw a robe across His

shoulders and place a stick in His hand for a scepter. A small bundle of

flexible branches covered with long thorns (commonly used for firewood) are

plaited into the shape of a crown and this is pressed into His scalp.

Again, there is copious bleeding (the scalp being one of the most vascular

areas of the body). The soldiers take the stick from His hand and strike Him

across the head driving the thorns deeper into His scalp. Finally, they

tire of their sadistic sport and the robe is torn from His back. This had

already become adherent to the clots of blood and serum in the wounds and its

removal causes excruciating pain just as in the careless removal of a

surgical bandage.

"In deference to Jewish custom, the Romans return His garments. The heavy

patibulum (the crossarm weighing over one hundred pounds) is tied across His

shoulders and the procession...begins its journey along the Via Dolorosa. In

spite of His efforts to walk erect, He stumbles and falls. The rough wood of

the beam gouges into the lacerated skin and muscles of the shoulders. He

tries to rise, but human muscles have been pushed beyond their endurance.

The centurion anxious to get on with the crucifixion selects...Simon of

Cyrene to carry the cross...The six hundred and fifty yard journey to

Golgotha is finally completed. The prisoner is again stripped of his clothes

- except for a loin cloth, which is allowed the Jews.

"The crucifixion begins...Jesus is quickly thrown backward with His shoulders

against the wood. (Crucifixes today show the nails through the palms. Roman

historical accounts have shown that the nails were driven between the small

bones of the wrists and not through the palms. Nails driven through the

palms will strip out between the fingers when they support the weight of a

human body. The misconception may have come about through a misunderstanding

of Jesus' words to Thomas, "Observe my hands". Anatomists, both modern and

ancient, have always considered the wrists as part of the hand.)

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"The legionnaire drives a heavy square wrought-iron nail through the wrist

and deep into the wood. The left foot is pressed backward against the right

foot, and a nail is driven through the arch of each leaving the knees

moderately flexed. The Victim is now crucified. As He slowly sags down with

more weight on the nails in the wrists, excruciating, fiery pain shoots along

the fingers and up the arms - the nails in the wrists are putting pressure on

the median nerves. As He pushes Himself upward to avoid this stretching

torment, He places His full weight on the nail through His feet. Again,

there is the searing agony of the nail tearing through the nerves between the

metatarsal bones of the feet.

"...As the arms fatigue, waves of cramps knot them in deep, relentless pain.

With these cramps comes the inability to push Himself upward. Hanging by

His arms, the pectoral muscles are paralyzed, and the intercostal muscles are

unable to act. Air can be drawn into the lungs, but cannot be

exhaled...Finally, carbon dioxide builds up in the lungs and the blood

stream, and the cramps partially subside. Spasmodically, He is able to push

Himself upward to exhale and bring in the life-giving oxygen.

"Hours of this pain, cycles of twisting, joint-rendering cramps, intermittent

partial asphyxiation, searing pain as tissue is torn from His lacerated back

as He moves up and down against the rough timber. Then another agony begins;

a crushing pain deep in the chest as the pericardium slowly fills with serum

and begins to compress the heart...It is now almost over; the loss of tissue

fluids has reached a critical level. The compressed heart is struggling to

pump. The tortured lungs are making a frantic effort to gasp in small gulps

of air. A sponge soaked in the cheap, sour wine is lifted to His lips. He

apparently doesn't take any of the liquid. The body of Jesus is now in

extremis, and He can feel the chill of death creeping through His tissues.

This realization brings out His words ...'It is finished!'.

"His mission of atonement has been completed. Finally, He can allow His body

to die. With one last surge of strength, He once again presses His torn feet

against the nail, straightens His legs, takes a deeper breath, and utters His

last cry, 'Father, into thy hands, I commit my spirit.'"

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12y ago
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16y ago

Yes, Jesus was 100% human and 100% God. If he was 100% human then he would have felt the pain just like you and I suffer pain. You have to remember that death by hanging on a cross was the most painful death. You would hang there for approximately 9 hours and if you were not dead then the soldiers would break the criminal's legs. That would cut off the person's air supply because of the position of their arms. It was excruciating. If you look in The Bible in Mark 8:31 it states that, "He then began to teach them that the Son of Man must suffer many things and be rejected by the elders, chief priests and teachers of the law, and that he must be killed and after three days rise again."

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12y ago

he didn't, its illogical, everyone is responsible for his own sins. Allah took him up before the Jews could kill him with Pontius Pilots permission, which they aimed to do on the sabbaht, their sacred day. An identical man possibly barrabas was seen crucified and has since led to the falsehood of a killed Christ.

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13y ago

He experienced things that none of us should never have to experience. Like being nailed to a cross for saying that He is the Son of God. He was only telling the truth and he got crucified for it.

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12y ago

not long he never existed

A Christian perspective:In all four Gospels, the last week of Jesus' life is described at length. It occupies about one third of Matthew, one third of Mark, one fourth of Luke, and half of John. John devotes seven chapters, about a third of his book, to the day of the crucifixion (the Jewish day begins at sunset and ends the following sunset). Since the Gospels are based on eyewitness reports, the details in the four Gospels differ, and it is not always easy to get a clear picture of the sequence of events. What we do know is that Jesus' suffering began on Thursday in the Garden of Gethsemane, and ended Friday with His trial and crucifixion. In Gethsemane, Jesus was in agony for two, three, or perhaps even four hours. Then He was arrested and taken to the house of the high priest. Here, Jesus was kept from midnight to daylight. He was condemned, mocked, spit upon, denied by Peter, and at daylight officially sentence and sent to Pilate, eventually being scourged and sentenced to be crucified. At 9 a.m. Jesus arrives at Golgotha. As they are about to drive the nails in His hands and feet, they offer Him wine mixed with gall, to stupefy Him and deaden the sense of pain. But He refuses it. Scripture tells us that as Jesus hung on the cross, a darkness falls that lasts from noon until 3 o'clock. His first three hours on the cross were marked by words of mercy and kindness. Now He enters the final stage of suffering for human sin. Burning fever and excruciating thirst were the accompaniments of crucifixion. They offer Him vinegar. His sufferings over, He takes it.
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11y ago

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Jesus had to endure a process of degradation by the Roman soldiers such as putting a crown of thorns on His head, and mockery such as putting a royal purple robe on Him and then mocking Him. They also blindfolded Him and then hit Him and asked Him to prophecy who it was that had done it. He also was tired and weak both from lack of sleep and food, and from being beaten.

In terms of the crucifixion itself, He would have had to push Himself up by His feet each time He took a breath - His feet being nailed to the cross this would have been extremely painful. Also, the way in which the hands were nailed was actually through the wrist where a bundle of nerves pass. Apparently the pain from this nailing was recognized as being particularly agonizing - from this comes our modern word "excruciating'.

In addition to pain, thirst was a common problem with persons being crucified, as also was the mental torture aspect. Further to this, there was a tendency for the lungs to fill with fluid over time, making breathing more difficult and in many cases leading to death by asphyxiation.

Finally, before He died Jesus has the sense of being forsaken by His heavenly Father, hence His cry. This aloneness, as He bore the sins of the whole world would have been another awful thing He endured for us.

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7y ago

Crucifixion is a slow and agonising process in which the victim always suffers the most excruciating pain. He gradually loses strength to take his weight on his feet, so that he must hang from his arms, which prevents him from breathing. At his stage, death from asphyxiation usually results quickly.


In the synoptic gospels, Jesus certainly suffers pain. Matthew and Mark record his last words as a cry of desperation, "My God, My God, Why hast thou forsaken me?"

In John's Gospel, Jesus remains alive on the cross for less than three hours and appears to suffer no pain. Even in the very last minutes of his life, Jesus is able to hold a lucid conversation with the beloved disciple, to whom he commends his mother. In contrast to the synoptic gospels, John records Jesus' very last words as a majestic "It is finished", with no suggestion of pain or regret.

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15y ago

well he was nailed to the cross and whipped with rocks and carried his cross and lastly he was forced to where a thorn crown

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14y ago

He died on the cross for OUR sins

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14y ago

He died on a cross

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Q: How was Jesus punished?
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