Osmosis

Osmosis is important for maintaining the balance of water and solutes in cells and tissues. It helps regulate the movement of water across cell membranes, ensuring proper hydration and function. Without osmosis, cells would not be able to control their internal environment and may not survive.

Diffision is the net movement of molecules from an area where there are many to an area where there are few. Osmosis is the diffusion of water through a cell membrane. Both use each other because diffision is what happens in an osmosis.

Spentwash is an effluent created by fermentation of sugar cane molasses to produce alcohol. It is also called dunder or vinasse. It has very high BOD & COD & it is difficult to dispose. Its volume can be reduced to minimum 50% by application of reverse osmois (RO) using special type of disc tube or plate tube membranes technology. It extracts colorless water form spentwash, which can be resued in mmolasses fermentation. The balance concentrated spentwash can either be composted or by mixing with biomass can be incinerated to achieve zero liquid discharge as desired by pollution control authorities. Rochem Separations Systems (I)P Ltd. has about sixty successful RO units processing spentwash for past several years in India, Mexico, Vietnam etc. This company also offers a technology to further concentrate the balance spentwash & gasify the same to achieve zero liquid discharge. ---Dr. H. M. Modak

Osmosis is the process by which water molecules move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration through a semi-permeable membrane. This helps regulate the balance of water inside and outside of cells, ensuring proper cellular function and maintaining osmotic balance within the organism.

Diffusion is the spreading of a substance in another substance effected by the thermal movements of the molecules or other forces acting between the molecules. The spreading happens from an area with high density into areas with originally lower density.

For osmosis to occur you must have a solvent in two rooms separated by a membran that lets the solvent molecules pass. In one of the rooms there is a dissolved substance that cannot pass the membrane in a higher concentration than in the other room.

This makes solvent pass over to the room with the highest concentration of the substance so that the pressure gets higher in that room and the solution gets less concentrated. The process stops when the pressure is high enough or the concentration of the dissolved substance is equal in both rooms.

The mechanism behind osmosis is as follows: The solvent molecules are always moving because of their termal kinetic energy and are steadily colliding with each other and also with molecules of the dissolved substance. All the time some solvent molecules pass through the membran between the two rooms also, and in both directions.

But the dissolved substance will all the time collide with some of the solvent molecules and block their passage through the membran. Solvent molecules in the room with most dissolved substance will however be blocked more often from passing than solvent molecules in the other room. Thus there will be most passings from the room with the least dissolved substance.

None.

Reverse osmisis is a physics problem not a chemical one.

It is simply sieving water through a very very fine sieve. So fine that unless you use very high pressures the water would not go through. The sieve is so fine that large molecules, like Salt (NaCl) don't fit through.

Diffusion of fluid through a semipermeable membrane from a solution with a low solute concentration to a solution with a higher solute concentration until there is an equal concentration of fluid on both sides of the membrane

Osmosis occurs when water molecules move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration through a semi-permeable membrane. This movement is driven by the concentration gradient of water molecules across the membrane. Osmosis is essential for maintaining the balance of water and solutes in cells and tissues.

Here are 3 examples:

1.)Plasmolysis, which is caused by osmosis, causes land plants to wilt due to the lack of turgor pressure. Plants do need turgor pressure to keep them upright.

2.)Flowers open when the inner surface of their petals become more turgid than the outer surfaces.

3.)Guard cells on leaf surfaces control the stomata size using changes in turgor.

P.S. Hope that helps:)

The term osmosis describes the movement of a solvent through a semipermeable membrane from a less concentrated solution to a more concentrated one. Water is sometimes called "the perfect solvent," and living tissue (for example, a human being's cell walls) is the best example of a semipermeable membrane. Osmosis has a number of life-preserving functions: it assists plants in receiving water, it helps in the preservation of fruit and meat, and is even used in kidney dialysis. In addition, osmosis can be reversed to remove salt and other impurities from water

helps in the movement of water from one cell to another in plants

makes it possible for liquid solvent to pass through cell membranes

facilitates the distribution of essential nutrients in the body and the excretion of waste products

1. Plants absorb water from the soil through osmosis, moving water molecules from areas of low solute concentration (soil) to areas of high solute concentration (plant roots).
2. Red blood cells regulate their water content through osmosis, allowing water to move in and out of the cell to maintain a balanced internal environment.
3. In the kidney nephrons, osmosis plays a crucial role in the reabsorption of water and certain ions from the filtrate back into the bloodstream.

Osmosis is the movement of water across a semipermeable membrane from an area of low solute concentration to an area of high solute concentration. The direction and rate of osmosis are influenced by the relative solute concentrations on either side of the membrane.

Osmosis is the movement of water molecules across a semipermeable membrane from an area of low solute concentration to an area of high solute concentration, while diffusion is the movement of solute particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. Osmosis specifically refers to the movement of water, while diffusion can involve any type of particle.

Osmosis is the diffusion across a semi-permeable membrane. It works by moving the water molecules to the place of low concentration until it reaches equilibrium.

Osmosis is the movement of water molecules from a high concentrated area to a low concentrated area through a partially permeable membrane

osmosis stops when there is equal amount of concentration of water molecules on either sides of the semi permeable membrane.

but due to higher osmotic pressure, turgor pressure and wall pressure, osmosis stops just before the concentrations become equal.

Reverse osmosis was discovered and developed by Sidney Loeb at the University of California. Srinivasa Sourirajan at the National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa also worked on the process.

Osmosis is the movement of water molecules across a selectively permeable membrane from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration. Diffusion is the movement of particles from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration until equilibrium is reached. Filtration involves the movement of particles through a barrier, typically driven by a pressure gradient, with the goal of separating substances based on size.

Osmosis is the movement of water molecules across a semipermeable membrane from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration. Dialysis is a process that involves the separation of solutes in a solution using a semipermeable membrane, allowing smaller molecules to pass while larger ones are retained. Osmosis specifically refers to the movement of water, while dialysis is a broader term that can involve the separation of various solutes.

Diffusion is the process in which there is movement of a substance to an area of lower concentration of that substance to an area of lower concentration whereas osmosis is the diffusion of molecules through a semipermeable membrane from a place of higher concentration to a place of lower concentration until the concentration on both sides is equal.

Reverse osmosis removes substances that would otherwise cause the water supply to be unhealthy or unappealing, for instance foul tastes, smells or colours. Also removes salts and minerals (lead/mercury)

Reverse osmosis, or RO, water is water that has been purified using reverse osmosis techniques. Osmosis is something that occurs naturally, it's when a solvent (something that is dissolved in a solution) passes through a semi-permeable membrane from an area where there is a lot of it, to an area that does not have a lot of that solvent. In reverse osmosis, this process is basically, well, reversed. A reverse osmosis machine uses a semi-permeable membrane as a filter and it also uses a lot of pressure, more pressure than the normal process of osmosis creates. The product, RO water, is free of any impurities that might have been present before it went through the machine. People use these machines to make sea water safe to drink, by removing all the salt. They also use them to purify water that is going to be used in very sensitive environments, such as coral tanks or other marine tanks.