Ancient Wars

The effect of military threats to the Roman empire depended on when and from whom the military threats came from. The long history of Rome from its beginnings in 753 BC BCE to the fall of the western empire in 476 AD CE takes in a lot of military activity and threats of military action.

Examples of the effects of military threats are numerous:

1. Toward the end of the Roman empire, military threats from barbarian nations on Rome's borders had a negative effect on Roman society. It meant that more resources were needed to protect the borders and, as such, required manpower and money. Both of these were lacking in the end times of the empire.

2. On the other hand, as Rome was expanding, a major threat from the powerful city state empire of Carthage resulted in a determined effort to defeat Carthage, which boasted the morale and wealth of Roman society.

Many more examples can be discussed; however, specific times and enemies need to be stated to adequately respond to questions like these.

Julius Caesar, a Patrician, had turned to the popular vote when he fell out with the rest of the aristocracy. So as a populare he was supported by that elment, and detested by many of the nobility who talked much about the Republic, be wanted it organised to their own benefit.

There was a series of disputes as Athens manoeuvred to maintain pre-eminence in the Greek world and keep control of its empire and the revenue it producd. The final stages were the fight between Corinth and its ex-colony Corcyra, the Athenian capture of Potidaia, and the Athenian trading ban on Megara.

Armor .

He didn't steal it, taking a fallen foe's armour was recognised by both sides as a tophy the victor was entitled to.

300 was the movie based on the battle of Thermopolaye. It took place on Thermopolaye pass, hence the name.

It went on for 27 years, Athens lost its empire.

The Peloponnesian War ended with the capitulation of Athens, which was stripped of the empire which had enabled it to dominate the Greek world for half a century.

After the partial failure of his punitive expedition of 490 BCE against Eretria (captured, inhabitants enslaved) and Athens (turned back at Marathon and in front of the city), Darius determined to bring mainland Greece within his empire. The mainland cities had been supporting revolts by the Greek cities within his empire (esp Athens and Eretria) and he thought that by absorbing mainland Greece, he would establish an ethnic frontier in the west.

He therefore determined to bring whatever cities he could under his rule peacefully (by bribes, and promise to make a faction in a city, rulers under his rule). Those who resisted would be captured, and rulers imposed on them.

He was temporarily diverted by an uprising in Egypt, and then died without launching the expedition. His son Xerxes began to carry it out in 480 BCE.

The war was between Athens and Sparta, city-states of ancient Greece. Athens and Sparta engaged in a long and costly struggle, the Peloponnesian war (431-404 BC) and the more martial society, Sparta, eventually triumphed. (Sparta's victory provides a warning that, in a struggle between autocracy and democracy, democratic peoples cannot assume that freedom will triumph.)

The Ionians lived in Asia Minor, and stayed there for three thousand years until after World War 1 when they were evacuated to Greece after a lengthy war against Turkey which then owned Asia Minor.

The battle of Thermopylae is one most gory battles of the Persian wars in the battle the Spartans held off the Persians with the help of 7,000 other helpers, then a hunchback named Ephialtes told the Persians about a passage way to go around back to the Spartans. The next morning thousands of ailed forces left 300 Spartans to hold them off even though they knew they were going to die

The Greek cities sent their surplus populations out and established city-states around the Mediterranean and Black Seas. Some were sent to North Africa - eg Tripoli (Tripolis in Greek = three cities). Then Alexander the Great captured Egypt and Libya, establishing Greek cities eg Alexanddia named after himself.

Ten years after the Persian defeat at the Battle of Marathon, they planned a better attack. The next landing of the Persians in Greece saw them bring a large and powerful army of infantry and cavalry forces. They also enlisted the aid of hoplites from their Greek allies.The massive Persian cavalry troops well well armed and the Greeks were at a huge disadvantage with virtually no cavalry. The Greeks depended on their heavy infantry and some light infantry as well.

Alaric I, the king of the Visigoths, sacked Rome three times, in 409, 409 and 410. Between 407 and 410 the imperial army was busy fighting a civil war in Gaul against Constantine III, a usurper emperor who had installed himself as emperor in Gaul. In 410 Constantine III even attempted an invasion of Italy. He was defeated and forced to withdraw back to Gaul. At this point he was neutralised. In the following year his troops abandoned him. After the third sack of Rome Alaric died and his successor, Ataulf, decided to leave Italy and go to southwestern Gaul because the civil war had practically ended and the imperial army was now free to intervene in Italy.

A soldier in the ancient Roman military had to work hard. The Roman military system was built on constant maneuvers, long marches, strict discipline, and becoming used to relentless battles and wars. As ancient Rome was almost constantly at war, or engulfed in civil wars, a Roman soldier was constantly being put to the test.

They had the letter A (alpha) on their shields, and their city symbol was the owl of Athena, their patron godess.

Romans against former Roman slaves

Romans- Marcus Licinius Crassus, Claudius Glaber, Pompey, Mummius, and several other leaders, Roman legions and militia

Slaves- shepherds, herdsman, gladiators, slaves, Spartacus, Crixus, and several other leaders

The Persian War outcome provided Athens with an empire from the coalition it had formed to finally defeat the Persian threat. It misused the resources of this coalition to spend on itself and so could afford to promote art, culture and building.

It also over-promoted its own power on the proceeds of the empire, leading to the Peloponnesian War with the Spartan alliance, which devastated Greece, lost Athens its empire and reduced it to a second-rate power. Greece did not recover and became a target for dominance by Macedonia.

The Indus River.

Were you talking about the Greek Persian and Peloponnesian Wars? If so, the Persian war was between the invading Persians and the defending Greeks, who formed a league in which the military was led by one of the Spartan kings. (Sparta had two kings at the same time.) In the Peloponnesian War, it was the Delian League (Athens and allies) vs. the Peloponnesian League (Sparta and allies) Sparta ended up beating Athens after destroying their fleet.

Not directly. After the war the city-states continued their sporadic warfare, Thebes became temporarily ascendant, Persia imposed peace on them to stop the spillover into its own territories. Macedonia gained power in the context of this ongoing strife.

Shields were important to any ancient army. They were a soldier's main form of defense but could also be used as an offensive weapon. In the Roman army, the owner's name and unit were written on the back of the shield as a form of identification.

Shields were important to any ancient army. They were a soldier's main form of defense but could also be used as an offensive weapon. In the Roman army, the owner's name and unit were written on the back of the shield as a form of identification.

Shields were important to any ancient army. They were a soldier's main form of defense but could also be used as an offensive weapon. In the Roman army, the owner's name and unit were written on the back of the shield as a form of identification.

Shields were important to any ancient army. They were a soldier's main form of defense but could also be used as an offensive weapon. In the Roman army, the owner's name and unit were written on the back of the shield as a form of identification.

Shields were important to any ancient army. They were a soldier's main form of defense but could also be used as an offensive weapon. In the Roman army, the owner's name and unit were written on the back of the shield as a form of identification.

Shields were important to any ancient army. They were a soldier's main form of defense but could also be used as an offensive weapon. In the Roman army, the owner's name and unit were written on the back of the shield as a form of identification.

Shields were important to any ancient army. They were a soldier's main form of defense but could also be used as an offensive weapon. In the Roman army, the owner's name and unit were written on the back of the shield as a form of identification.

Shields were important to any ancient army. They were a soldier's main form of defense but could also be used as an offensive weapon. In the Roman army, the owner's name and unit were written on the back of the shield as a form of identification.

Shields were important to any ancient army. They were a soldier's main form of defense but could also be used as an offensive weapon. In the Roman army, the owner's name and unit were written on the back of the shield as a form of identification.

Achilles' spear, like the rest of his armor, has been lost in the hundreds of years following the Trojan War.