Atoms and Atomic Structure

Yes, because an atom in an excited state will normally give off energy and go to a less-excited state or to its ground state. Some atoms have long-lived excited states and are called "metastable".

Borax (Na2B4O7) has two sodium atoms in the formula unit.

One thin that is true about valence electrons is that they are electrons associated with an atom and participate in forming chemical bond. They can also release or absorb energy in the form of photons.

this occurs because of the shielding effect of inner electrons.as we go down the group- number of electronic shells increases, which restricts the outer most electrons from being attracted by the protons of nucleus.as the result of this effect the outer most electrons are loosely attracted by the nucleus,resulting the increase of atomic radii.hence making it easier for atoms to lose electrons down the group.

Yes, the world is made up of atoms. Atoms are the basic building blocks of matter and make up everything around us, including living organisms, rocks, water, and air. Each atom consists of a nucleus made up of protons and neutrons, surrounded by electrons.

A NaCl (sodium chloride) atom contains one sodium (Na) atom and one chlorine (Cl) atom. Sodium has 11 protons and chlorine has 17 protons. They bond together through an ionic bond to form the compound sodium chloride.

A molecule because there are 2 oxygen atoms bonded.

Zinc chloride is typically made by reacting zinc with hydrogen chloride gas. It can also be produced by dissolving zinc oxide or zinc metal in hydrochloric acid.

Since the formula of the mixed oxide is X7O8, the total charge contributed by X ions must be 7. Let's assume X2 ions are present in the ratio of 'x' and X3 ions are present in the ratio of 'y'. The total charge contributed by X2 ions (2x) and X3 ions (3y) must add up to 7. Solving 2x + 3y = 7 with x + y = 7 gives x2:x3 as 1:2.

they provide key information about the composition, temperature, and motion of astronomical objects. By analyzing the unique patterns of spectral lines emitted or absorbed by celestial bodies, astronomers can determine their chemical makeup, distinguish between different types of stars, and even measure their radial velocities. This allows scientists to study the properties and evolution of galaxies, stars, and other celestial objects in great detail.

Protons and electrons behave similarly in isotopes of an atom because they both carry a fundamental electrical charge and interact with the atom's nucleus through electromagnetic forces. Although protons and electrons have different masses and are located in different parts of the atom, their interactions with the nucleus are governed by the same physical principles. This leads to similar behaviors of protons and electrons in isotopes of an atom.

Combing hair does not result in a significant build-up of electric charge, so the girl's hair is not typically charged negatively or positively as a result of combing.

The principle quantum number of a hydrogen electron in its ground state is 1.

A benzene ring is composed of six carbon atoms arranged in a hexagonal structure with alternating single and double bonds. To create a benzene ring from a carbon atom, you would need to bond this carbon atom to five other carbon atoms, each with alternating single and double bonds, to form the hexagonal structure characteristic of a benzene ring.

Yes, variations in the number of neutrons in an atom will change its isotope, but not its identity as an element. Isotopes of the same element have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons.

Electrons orbit the nucleus of an atom. They have a negative electric charge and are much smaller than the nucleus, which contains protons and neutrons. The electrons move in specific energy levels or shells around the nucleus.

it is located in the nucleus and are positvly charged

um i cant believe you don't know that scientific term

"ch4" is not a proper chemical formula, because the atomic symbol for each element must begin (and may end) with a CAPITAL letter. The chemical formula CH4 contains 5 atoms, one of carbon and four of hydrogen.

A grain of water would contain approximately 3 x 10^21 water molecules. Since each water molecule consists of 3 atoms (2 hydrogen and 1 oxygen), the total number of atoms in a grain of water would be approximately 9 x 10^21 atoms.

Electrons move in definite regions called electron clouds or energy levels.

Electron clouds do in fact contain energy levels, it is a common misconception. It is just that there are many levels each holding 2 electrons which are very many close in energy. the cloud idea was a very early model of metals, bands wre recognised nearly 100 years ago.

This is a somewhat difficult question to answer without a picture but for the left (first) two columns of the periodic table (S Block) and the right (last) six columns (P block) the number of energy levels is the row number of where that atom is on a periodic table (these blocks together are known as the representative elements). For the middle part (transition elements, or D block) the number of energy levels is equal to the row number the element is in, minus one. So for example, Lithium (Li) has two energy levels. In another example, Iron (Fe) has three energy levels. For the inner-transition elements (a.k.a. the lanthanide and actinide, or F block) the number of energy levels is the row number (Lan - row 6, Act - row 7), minus two. So in example, Uranium (U) has 5 energy levels).

First EA is usually exothermic as energy is released when the nucleus attarcts an electron is larger than the energy taken in to overcome their inter-electronic repulsion. Second EA is always endothermic since electron is added to a negative ion. Energy is needed to overcome the repulsion between the two negatively charged species.