Genetic Engineering

Uñderstand by example: Bacteria that have pSC 101 plasmid, this plasmid have antibiotic resistant gene for tetracycline.when gene of interest in attached to plasmid to produce clone to get many genes of interest, it is placed in a medium contaning tetracycline for culturing bacteria(bactria made colonies which would separate out and remain safe because of they have resistance against tetracycline while other phothogen donot häve)

1: no they re dead

2:it can only be done on females

3:good idea but NO

The meaning of an abnormal result varies with the clinical condition of the person tested.with multiple myeloma, a higher level means a poorer prognosis than a lower level.with kidney disease, an increased blood level means the problem is tubular.

The genus Mycoplasma (formerly known as PPLO or pleuropneumonia-like organisms) is a group of bacteria that do not have a cell wall. They have the same genetic content as any other bacterium in that they contain DNA in the form of a circular chromosome.

the answer the material of the division can become specialized

A vector which can replicates in two different host, eg; in bacteria and in yeast

no but as I see it treatment of genetic disease is treating a genetic problem as a genetic treatment of a disease is using genetics to stop a certain disease that can be treated with genetics

The current understanding is that approximately 65% of people have an underlying genetic risk for autism (potential to have autistic children), but that changing factors in today's society and/or environment are sending autism rates skyrocketing.

Approximately 1 in 150 children have autism, that is approx. 73 a day, and approx. 26,767 children a year are born with autism in the US.

These numbers are up from 1 in 10,000 a generation ago, and 3-4 generations ago, autism was practically unknown.

Likely reasons for the increase include:

- Increased numbers of pregnant women on medication during pregnancy. For example, the anticonvulsant drug sodium valproate (epilim/depakote) is proven in studies to cause a 10% risk of autism when unborn babies are exposed to it.

- Various other anticonvulsant drugs and hormonal drugs are also suspect, and under investigation for causing increased risk of autism.

- Increased diagnosis. More children at the "softer" end of the spectrum are now obtaining diagnosis. Children that a decade ago would simply have been considered "quirky" are now being diagnosed with high functioning autism.

That said, autism is now appearing commonly in families with no known history of the disorder, and no genetic abnomalities.

Even taking increased diagnosis into consideration, autism rates are increasing rapidly enough for it to be of high concern to all communities and prospective parents.

- Environmental genetic damage. It is generally accepted that certain chemicals in our environment cause genetic damage. This may be associated with the increase in autism rates. Various plastics are known to leach hormone disrupting chemicals into our water and food supplies, and autism is suspected in some scientific quarters to be caused by hormone disruption.

- Older parental ages. Women are having children when older. Genetic damage is more likely to occur in eggs from older women, and in sperm cells from older men.

Unknown but possible other candidates for autism rate increase include:

- foetal ultrasound, which has never been tested for human safety yet is now universal

- vaccine overload, where too many vaccines create an immune response overload in young children / babies

- general environmental pollution, including lead and mercury, plus a host of other damaging chemicals and poisons.

- genetic risk only, with no environmental factors involved. This is extremely unlikely, due to the rapidly increasing numbers of autism diagnoses worldwide.

To validate the results of his experiment.

yes. it even goes more molecular than that. all proteins inside the cell contain genetic material that "tell them" what to do. though for proteins the DNA codes for their shape and what they do is based on that shape. just remember shape fits function

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Initial treatment for mild or infrequent symptoms of trigger finger include rest, avoiding or modifying those activities that caused the inflammation, and the use of a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) such as ibuprofen

In biology, we do not use the word "Guaranteed". There are so many factors affecting the things and so many permutations and combinations. So many times errors occurs. So we can use the word "generally".

To protect the Moritt Fultow, engineering strategies such as the implementation of sustainable land management practices, erosion control measures, and the construction of protective barriers have been utilized. Additionally, habitat restoration projects aim to enhance the surrounding ecosystem and support biodiversity. These strategies work together to mitigate environmental impacts and promote resilience against climate change and human activities.

Polypeptides are directed to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) during translation through a signal peptide that emerges from the ribosome. This signal peptide is recognized by the signal recognition particle (SRP), which halts translation and guides the ribosome to the ER membrane. Once there, the ribosome binds to the translocon, allowing the polypeptide to be threaded into the ER lumen for further processing, such as folding and post-translational modifications. After entry, the signal peptide is typically cleaved off, facilitating the maturation of the polypeptide.

Three main areas of human genetic engineering include gene therapy, which aims to treat or prevent diseases by altering genes; CRISPR-Cas9 technology, which enables precise editing of DNA to correct genetic defects; and synthetic biology, which involves designing and constructing new biological parts or systems to enhance human traits or capabilities. These advancements hold potential for addressing genetic disorders, improving health outcomes, and even enhancing human abilities.

Genetic Engineering is the study and application of genetics for a better life/future. Genetic engineering can be used to produce medicines & to improve food crops. Researchers are also using genetic engineering to try to cure human genetic disorders.